猕猴桃液体授粉花粉液制备技术研究  

Study on the Preparation Technology of Pollen Suspension Liquid for Spray Pollination of Actinidia chinensis

作　　者：陈建业[1] 李占红[1] 宁玉霞 

机构地区：[1]许昌职业技术学院园林园艺系,河南许昌461000 [2]许昌林科所,河南许昌461000

出　　处：《中国农学通报》2015年第7期86-90,共5页Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin

基　　金：河南省科技攻关项目"绿色果品生产技术开发"(0424040020)

摘　　要：为建立猕猴桃液体授粉花粉悬浊液的高效制备方法,以猕猴桃混合雄株花粉和‘豫猕猴桃2号’为试材,进行了利用粗制花粉配制花粉悬浊液及液体授粉试验。结果表明,悬浊液的花粉浓度随粗制花粉添加量的增大而增加;粗制花粉添加量12%~16%(w/v)时,悬浊液的花粉浓度可达125万粒/m L^175万粒/m L,花粉发芽率85%以上,与对照(添加5%精制花粉)无显著性差异;各处理坐果率几乎均为100%;12%以上处理单果重100 g左右,种子数1100~1220粒,与对照无显著性差异;4%处理单果重、种子数则显著低于以上处理;不同处理间可溶性固形物含量和酸含量无显著性差异。吸光指数与花粉浓度具有密切线性相关关系(r=0.98),吸光指数2.5可作为判断花粉浓度是否适宜的指标。该法省去了花粉精制程序,是一种高效省力的猕猴桃人工授粉技术。To develop the effective preparation methods of pollen suspension for kiwi spray pollination, theauthor took the mixed pollen and‘Yumihoutao 2＇as materials, and carried out the study by using crude pollenfor preparation of pollen suspension and the test of liquid pollination. The test results showed that the pollenconcentration of the suspension increased along with the increase of crude pollen added amount. When crudepollen adding amount was 12%- 16%（w/v）, the pollen concentrations of the suspension was up to 1.25-1.75 million/m L, and the pollen germination rate was more than 85%, and there was no significant differencewith controlled trials（add 5% of refined pollen）, and the fruit setting rate was almost 100% under eachtreatment. With crude pollen adding amount of more than 12%, the treated fruit weighed about 100 g, the seednumber was 1100-1220, and there was no significant difference in comparing with the controlled trials. Fruitweight and seed number of treatment with 4% crude pollen adding amount were significantly lower than that ofthe above treatments. For soluble solids content and acid content, there was no significant difference betweendifferent test treatments. Light absorption index of suspension had a close correlation relationship with pollenconcentration（r=0.98）, and absorption index of 2.5 could be used as an index for judging pollen concentrationbe appropriate or not. This method omitted the pollen refined process, and could be a kind of efficient andlabor-saving kiwi artificial pollination technique.

关 键 词：猕猴桃 '豫猕猴桃2号’ 喷雾授粉 花粉悬浊液 制备方法 

分 类 号：S663.4[农业科学—果树学]