苏州工业园区土地利用景观格局变化分析  

Analysis of Land Use and Landscape Pattern Change in Suzhou Industrial Park

作　　者：唐文刚 孙伟晔[2] 范占永[3] 

机构地区：[1]苏州工业园区国土房产局,苏州215028 [2]苏州工业园区计算机信息中心,苏州215028 [3]苏州工业园区测绘地理信息有限公司,苏州215028

出　　处：《中国农学通报》2015年第7期159-164,共6页Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin

基　　金：苏州工业园区"十二五"信息化项目"房地一张图"(20120506)

摘　　要：为给生态区域建设提供科学的指导,促进社会经济健康可持续发展,以苏州工业园区1995、2005和2013年3期土地利用现状调查数据为基础,利用Arc GIS和FRAGSTATS软件,基于景观指数方法和土地利用转移矩阵模型对苏州工业园区斑块类型水平和景观类型水平下的景观格局特征进行定量分析,分析各景观地类之间的转换特征。结果表明:(1)1995—2013年间,景观格局指数发生了重大变化,2005年优势景观为耕地,2013年优势景观变为城镇建设用地;(2)18年间耕地和城镇建设用地的斑块面积变化最大,耕地面积降幅83.47%,城镇建设用地面积增幅193.52%;(3)土地利用转移方面,耕地减少较快而城镇建设用地增加较快,减少的耕地主要转化为建设用地和园地,增加的建设用地主要来自于耕地和未利用地;(4)景观格局整体呈现破碎度增大、集聚度减少、分离度上升、均匀度好、多样性增强等特征。研究表明景观指数结合土地转移矩阵模型能对土地利用的格局和过程进行很好的分析,并科学指导生态区域建设。In order to provide scientific guidance for the construction of eco-regions, and promote the healthyand sustainable development of social economy, based on the 1995, 2005 and 2013 three period survey of landuse data of Suzhou industrial park, the author utilized Arc GIS and FRAGSTATS software, the methods oflandscape pattern indices and land use transfer matrix, to make quantitative analysis of landscape patterncharacteristics of patch class level and landscape pattern level, and study the dynamic change andcharacteristic of land use type conversion. The results of calculation showed as following：（1） from 1995 to2013, landscape pattern index changed greatly, dominant landscapes were cultivated land in 1995, whiledominant landscapes became urban construction land in 2013.（2） The cultivated land and urban constructionland had the largest change in 18 years. The reduction of cultivated land was 83.47%. The growth of urbanconstruction land was 192.52%.（3） As to land use transfer, cultivated land decreased apparently while urbanconstruction land increased sharply. Reduced cultivated land was mainly converted into construction land andorchard land while increased urban construction land mainly came from cultivated land and unused land.（4） The present characteristics on the overall level of landscape were increased fragmentation, reducedconcentration of the landscape, increased splitting index and enhanced landscape diversity. Research indicates that combining landscape indices with land use transfer matrix model can effectively analyze the pattern andprocess of the land use, and guide the construction of eco-regions scientifically.

关 键 词：土地利用 景观格局 景观指数 转移矩阵 

分 类 号：P951[天文地球—自然地理学]