竹炭有机肥对有机卷心菜叶绿素荧光特性和相对叶绿素含量的影响  

Effect of bamboo charcoal organic fertilizer on chlorophyll fluorescence characteristics and relative chlorophyll content of organic cabbage

作　　者：马锦丽[1] 江洪[1,2] 舒海燕[3] 张金梦 吴丹娜[1] 孙文文[1] 吴孟霖 方成圆[1] 陈晓峰[1] 黄鹤凤 

机构地区：[1]浙江农林大学国际生态研究中心,杭州311300 [2]南京大学国际地球系统科学研究所,南京210093 [3]西南大学生命科学学院三峡库区生态环境教育部重点实验室,重庆400715

出　　处：《东北农业大学学报》2015年第3期29-36,共8页Journal of Northeast Agricultural University

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(41171324);国家自然科学基金重大项目(61190114);国家"973"重点基础研究发展规划项目(2011CB302705);上海市科学委员会项目(12231205101);上海市战略性新兴产业重大项目(2013-14)

摘　　要：以上海崇明多利农庄有机卷心菜为研究对象,设置3个竹炭有机肥处理:BC180(Bamboo charcoal,180 kg/20 m×20 m)、BC60(Bamboo charcoal,60 kg/20 m×20 m)、CK(对照组),2014年7月(莲座期)和8月(结球期)随机测定其叶绿素荧光动力学参数和相应的相对叶绿素含量,以便分析不同施肥组合对卷心菜的影响。结果表明,不同生长期相同处理下,有机卷心菜叶片光系统Ⅱ(PSⅡ)初始荧光(F0)、最大荧光(Fm)、最大光化学效率(Fv/Fm)、潜在光合活性(Fv/F0)、实际光化学效率(Yield)均为莲座期>结球期;表观光合电子传递速率(ETR)、光化学淬灭系数(q P)、相对叶绿素含量(SPAD)为结球期>莲座期。同一生长期不同处理下,Fv/Fm、Fv/F0、Yield、ETR、q P均是随着施肥量增加而增加,NPQ则为莲座期增加,结球期又降低。不同生长期不同施肥量交互作用对Fm、Fv/Fm、Fv/F0、NPQ影响极显著(P<0.01),对q P影响显著(P<0.05)。这说明增施竹炭有机肥对有机卷心菜叶绿素荧光指标和相对叶绿素含量有显著影响,且BC60处理下更有助于其光合固碳,增加产量,符合低碳有机农业宗旨。Selecting organic cabbage in Chongming of Shanghai dol y farm as the research object, and set up three bamboo charcoal organic fertilizer processing：BC180 （180 kg/20 m × 20 m）, BC60 （60 kg/20 m × 20 m）, CK （control）, During July（Rosette period） and August（Fruit period） in 2014, its chlorophyl fluorescence kinetics parameter and relative chlorophyl content is determined by a random and relative method, in order to analyze the influence of bamboo charcoal organic fertilizer on the organic cabbage.The results showed that different growth period under the same processing, organic cabbage leaf blade light systemⅡ（PSⅡ）, initial fluorescence （F0）, the largest fluorescence （Fm）, maximum photochemical efficiency （Fv/Fm）, potential photosynthetic activity （Fv/F0）, the actual photochemical efficiency （Yield） were rosette period 〉 fruit period; Apparent photosynthetic electron transport rate （ETR）, coefficient of photochemical quenching （qP） and relative chlorophyl content （SPAD） was fruit period〉rosette period. The same growth period under different processing, Fv/Fm, Fv/F0, Yield, ETR, qP were increasing as fertilizer rate increasing, NPQ increases during rosette period, and became lower during knot bal period. Different growth period and fertilizer＇s interaction on Fm, Fv/Fm, Fv/F0, NPQ were very significant （P〈0.01）, the impact on the qP at significant level （P〈0.05）. This showed increasing bamboo charcoal organic fertilizer application had significant effect on the chlorophyl fluorescence and relatived chlorophyl content of organic cabbage, and BC60 processing contributes to its photosynthetic and carbon sequestration, as wel as increase production, which was conforming to the low carbon the tenet of organic agriculture.

关 键 词：竹炭有机肥 有机卷心菜 叶绿素荧光 相对叶绿素含量 有机农业 

分 类 号：S635.1[农业科学—蔬菜学]