淹水落干对巢湖圩堤消落区土壤营养成分的影响  

Effect of Flooding and Air-drying on Nutrition Content of Soil in WLFZ of Lake Chaohu

作　　者：匡武[1] 吴添天[2] 张彦辉[1] 严云志[2] 芮明[2] 

机构地区：[1]安徽省环境科学研究院安徽省污水处理技术研究重点实验室,安徽合肥230022 [2]安徽师范大学生命科学学院,安徽芜湖241000

出　　处：《安徽农业科学》2015年第11期70-73,共4页Journal of Anhui Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：国家"水体污染控制与治理"科技重大专项项目(2011ZX07103-004;2012ZX07103-003-03)课题资助

摘　　要：通过多次采样,分析巢湖西北部圩堤消落区土壤中有机质及氮磷在自然区域和人工修复区域的含量特征,研究巢湖西北部不同区域消落区土壤中有机质及氮磷的分布规律,探索人工修复措施对消落区生态环境改善的效果。结果表明:淹水落干过程有利于消落区土壤有机质的积累和对氮素的吸附,同时增强消落区土壤中有机质、全氮、有机磷的空间异质性,并且减小消落区内不同样点之间土壤全磷含量差异。在自然区域中,氮素较高的农业耕作区土壤在淹水条件下会向上覆水释氮,无植被覆盖的天然崩岸区土壤磷素会富集,在下次淹水时可能会向上覆水释磷;在人工修复区域,挺水植物能够有效拦截由于湖水冲刷引起的消落区土壤有机质流失,并且改善消落区底质。此外,不同人工修复区域的多种类型植被增强了消落区空间异质性,有利于保护消落区的生物多样性,并且提高环湖景观的观赏性。Organic matter（ OM）, total nitrogen（ TN）, ognic phosphorous（OP） and total phosphorous（TP） content of soil in northwest WLFZ of Lake Chaohu under natural and different artificial conditions were analyzed to study the variation of OM, TN, OP and TP. It showed： Flooding and air-drying help to increase soil OM content in study area. Process of flooding and air-drying is conducive to soil adsorption of nitrogen and it can enhance spatial heterogeneity of soil OM, TN, OP, process of flooding and air-drying also can reduce the difference of TP contents among different points. Riprap embankment is not conducive to maintaining soil organic matter under flooded conditions, emergent plants are conducive to maintaining soil organic matter under flooded conditions. Soil with high nitrogen content will release nitrogen to overlying water under flooded conditions. Under drying after flooding conditions, demand for phosphorus of vegetation growth will reduce TP content in soil, bare area will enrich phosphorus, when the next flood cover up a greater release of phosphorus will happen.

关 键 词：淹水落干 巢湖消落区 有机质 氮 磷 

分 类 号：S15[农业科学—土壤学] X53[农业科学—农业基础科学]