隐匿柄锈菌(小麦叶锈病菌)UP-PCR遗传多样性分析  

Genetic diversity analysis of Puccinia recondita by UP-PCR

作　　者：张林亚[1] 孟庆芳[1] 康健[1] 杨文香[1] 闫红飞[1] 刘大群[1] 

机构地区：[1]河北农业大学植物保护学院 国家北方山区农业工程技术研究中心 河北省农作物病虫害生物防治工程技术研究中心,河北保定071000

出　　处：《菌物学报》2015年第2期215-226,共12页Mycosystema

基　　金：国家重点基础研究发展计划(2013CB127700);河北省留学人员科技活动项目择优资助项目(20120340);河北省高等学校科学技术研究项目(QN20131094);教育部博士点基金(2010130212005)

摘　　要：小麦叶锈病是世界麦区普遍发生的病害。以2008年采集于河北省的29个隐匿柄锈菌(小麦叶锈病菌)单孢子堆分离菌系为试验材料,利用39个小麦抗叶锈近等(单)基因系和7个UP-PCR(Universally Primed PCR)引物对其进行毒性多态性和分子多态性分析。7个UP-PCR引物共检测出48条条带,其中多态性条带41条,多态性百分率为85.42%,表明UP-PCR在隐匿柄锈菌中扩增多态性较高;经聚类分析,遗传相似系数为0.69–0.90,在相似系数0.72处,29个叶锈菌株聚为6组,体现了隐匿柄锈菌菌株间的亲缘关系和差异性,表明UP-PCR技术可用于小麦叶锈病菌群体遗传多样性研究。在物种水平上,隐匿柄锈菌观察等位基因数(Na)为1.85,有效等位基因数(Ne)为1.29,Nei’s基因多样性指数(H)为0.19,Shannon信息指数(I)为0.31,多态位点百分率(P)为85.42%,表明隐匿柄锈菌遗传多样性丰富,其中沧州的群体遗传多样性水平最高,群体内多样性大于群体间多样性。聚类分析表明沧州和石家庄的病菌群体亲缘关系最近,邢台与石家庄的群体亲缘关系最远。隐匿柄锈菌UP-PCR多态性与毒性多态性间无明显相关性,且两者均与地理来源无相关性。Wheat Leaf rust is the most common and widely distributed disease of wheat throughout the world. The virulent and molecular polymorphism of 29 isolates of Puccinia recondita collected from Hebei Province in 2008 were tested by using 39 near-isogenic or single gene wheat lines and 7 UP-PCR （Universally Primed PCR） primers. Forty-eight clear and reproducible bands were amplified by 7 UP-PCR primers, 41 of which （85.42%） were polymorphic bands indicating the high polymorphism of UP-PCR. The dendrogram of 29 isolates of Puccinia recondita were constructed with similarity coefficients ranging from 0.69 to 0.90 and were divided into 6 groups at a level of 0.72 similarity coefficient based on UP-PCR data, which indicated the genetic relation and difference among Puccinie recondite isolates in Hebei Province in 2008. So, UP-PCR can be used to study the popu- ation genetic diversity of Puccinie recondite. At species level, the average observed number of alleles （Na） per locus was 1.85, the effective number of alleles （Ne） was 1.29, Nei＇s gene diversity （H） was 0.19, Shannon＇s information index （I） was 0.31, and percent of polymorphic loci was 85.42%, indicating high genetic diversity of Puccinio recondite. The highest genetic diversity evel of Puccinia recondite was in Cangzhou. The genetic diversity of intra-populations was higher than inter-populations UPGMA cluster analysis based on genetic distance showed that the closest genetic relationship was found between Puccinie recondite population from Cangzhou and that from Shijiazhuang while the genetic relationship between Puccinia recondite population from Xingtai and that from Shijiazhuang was th virulence polymorphism, and both UP-PCR polymorphism e farest. There was no correlation between UP-PCR polymorphism and and virulence polymorphism with geographic origins

关 键 词：隐匿柄锈菌 小麦叶锈病 通用引物 毒性鉴定 遗传结构 

分 类 号：S435.121.43[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]