3例骨髓型急性放射病15年远期效应医学随访  

A 15-year-long clinical follow-up and long-term effect observation on 3 cases of bone marrow type acute radiation sickness

作　　者：邢志伟[1] 姜恩海[1] 于程程[1] 姜梅玲[1] 江波[1] 吕玉民 赵凤玲 刘金星 

机构地区：[1]中国医学科学院放射医学研究所,天津300020 [2]河南省职业病防治研究院,河南郑州450052

出　　处：《中国职业医学》2015年第1期33-38,共6页China Occupational Medicine

基　　金：卫生部行业基金(201002009);中国医学科学院放射医学研究所所立科研基金(1423);天津市放射医学与分子核医学重点实验室

摘　　要：目的观察骨髓型急性放射病（ARS）患者的远期效应。方法对河南省1999年钴-60（60Co）源辐射事故的3例骨髓型ARS患者＂梅＂、＂天＂和＂旺＂进行为期15年的远期效应医学随访观察。重点观察造血系统、免疫系统、内分泌系统、生殖系统和眼科改变情况。结果 3例患者受照后1个月内白细胞计数、血小板计数和血红蛋白均出现下降,于受照后6个月均恢复正常;3例患者粒细胞-巨噬细胞集落刺激因子在受照后6个月均偏低,分别于受照后1～2年恢复正常。＂梅＂受照后5、11和13年免疫球蛋白（Ig）G水平均偏高,受照6个月和2年补体3水平偏低;＂天＂受照后5年Ig G水平偏高。3例患者受照后6个月内T细胞亚群指标表面分化抗原（CD）3＋T细胞百分比、CD3＋CD4＋T细胞百分比、CD3＋CD8＋T细胞百分比和CD3＋CD4＋/CD3＋CD8＋比值均低于正常参考值下限,受照后第2年恢复正常。＂梅＂受照后出现闭经;＂天＂受照后3个月精子数开始减少且出现死精,受照后3～7年精子数逐渐恢复至正常。＂梅＂和＂天＂受照后15年出现甲状腺结节。3例患者均出现不同程度晶状体浑浊,＂梅＂于受照后13年行左眼白内障摘除联合人工晶状体植入术。＂梅＂和＂旺＂周围血淋巴细胞微核率分别为3‰、1‰;染色体畸变检查显示相互易位、双着丝粒体、无着丝粒体和倒位数分别为70、8、5、3和43、2、1、1。＂天＂受照后12年出现冠状动脉狭窄改变,受照后13年罹患弥漫性大B细胞非霍奇金淋巴瘤。＂梅＂受照后7年开始心电图检查出现下壁和侧壁心肌缺血。结论60Co源辐射事故可导致ARS患者出现造血系统、免疫系统、内分泌系统、生殖系统、眼晶状体和心脏功能不同程度的远期效应。Objective To observe the long-term effect of patients with bone marrow type acute radiation sickness（ ARS）.Methods We investigated the long-term effects in 3 cases（ ＂Mei＂,＂Tian＂and＂Wang＂） with bone marrow type ARS in the 1999 Co-60（60Co） source radiation accident in Henan province by clinical follow up for 15 years and focused on the alteration of hematopoietic system,immune system,endocrine system,reproductive system and ophthalmology. Results The white blood cell count,blood platelet count and hemoglobin levels of 3 patients were all decreased within one month after the irradiation and returned to normal level 6 months after the irradiation. Down-regulated granulocyte-macrophage colony stimulating was found in all 3 patients in 6 months after the irradiation and returned to normal level in 1 to 2 years.The immunoglobulin G（ Ig G） level of ＂Mei＂was increased in the 5th,11 th and 13 th year while the complement 3 level was decreased compared to the normal value in the 6th month and the 2nd year after the irradiation. Similarly,the enhanced Ig G level of ＂Tian＂was indicated in the 5th year after the irradiation. The percentage of CD3＋T cell,CD3＋CD4＋T cell,CD3＋CD8＋T cell and the values of CD3＋CD4＋/ CD3＋CD8＋in 3 patients were observed lower than normal level within 6 months after the irradiation,which recovered in the 2nd year. Amenorrhea happened in ＂Mei＂after the irradiation,while gradually decreased numbers of sperm and dead sperm were found in ＂Tian ＂in 3 months after the irradiation,which returned to normal level in 3 to 7 years. Thyroid nodules were found in ＂Mei＂and＂Tian＂in 15 years after the accident. All these 3 patients had various degree of lens turbidity and＂Mei＂was treated with cataract extraction in the left eye followed with crystalline lens implantation in the 13 th year. Peripheral blood lymphocyte micronuclei rates of＂Mei＂and＂Wang＂were 3‰ and 1‰ respectively,while the chromosome aberration examination showed that

关 键 词：辐射事故 远期效应 急性放射病 造血系统 免疫系统 内分泌系统 生殖系统 眼晶状体 

分 类 号：X591[环境科学与工程—环境工程] R818[医药卫生—放射医学]