农村学龄前儿童情绪和行为问题的调查研究  

Study on Emotional and Behavioral Problems among Preschool Children inRural Area

作　　者：刘昭璐 傅茂笋[1] 徐凌忠[1] 盖若琰[1] 王硕[1] 汪心海 

机构地区：[1]山东大学公共卫生学院,山东济南250012

出　　处：《中国卫生事业管理》2015年第4期303-305,共3页Chinese Health Service Management

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目"我国农村学龄前留守儿童的身心健康及干预模式的探索性队列研究:基于人类发展生态理论的探讨"(编号:81202225)

摘　　要：目的：了解农村学龄前3-7岁儿童情绪和行为问题现状,并为制定干预性措施提供科学依据。方法：采用整群抽样,随机抽取7个幼儿园,共680名儿童作为研究对象,采用自行设计的家庭基本情况问卷和中文版长处和困难问卷（SDQ）收集数据。结果：3-7岁儿童情绪和行为异常检出率为15.56%。独生子女情绪问题和同伴交往问题得分均高于非独生子女,双亲监护男童的情绪问题、品行问题和困难总分得分均低于非双亲监护男童,双亲监护女童的同伴交往问题和困难总分低于非双亲监护女童,3-7岁儿童多动注意不能问题得分随年龄的增加而减少。以上结果差异均具有统计学意义（P〈0.05）。Logistic回归分析显示,过去一年内身体状况、家庭生活质量是影响儿童情绪和行为的主要因素（P〈0.05）。结论：农村学龄前3-7岁儿童的情绪和行为问题的检出率较高,应该引起相关部门高度关注并采取有效的心理教育与干预措施。Objective To investigate the status of the emotional and behavioral problems among 3 - 7 years old preschool children in rural areas and to provide some basis of taking some concerning intervening measures by paying attention to children＇s psychological education and intervention. Methods A total of 649 children were recruited as the subjects with random cluster sampling method from 7 kindergartens. Data were collected with questionnaires including the Children Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaires（edition for parents,SDQ） ,and a self-designed Families＇ Condition Questionnaire. Results The prevalence of emotional and behavioral problems was 15.56%. The SDQ scores of only children on emotional problems and peer intercourse problems were higher than not-only children. The male children nursing by parents significantly got lower scores on emotional problems, morality problems and difficult problems were lower than those not ,the female children nursing by parents got lower scores on peer intercourse problems and difficult problems than those not. The hyperactivity problems scores of 3 -7 years old children decreased with the age growth. The results above are significant statistically （ P 〈 0.05 ）. Logistic regression showed that the actors that affect children- emotional and behavioral problems were the physical condition and the quality of family life（P 〈 0.05）. Conclusion The prevalence of emotional and behavioral problems are common, more attention should be paid and efficient education and intervention should be considered by relevant departments.

关 键 词：学龄前儿童 儿童长处和困难问卷 情绪 行为 

分 类 号：R179[医药卫生—妇幼卫生保健]