青海高原不同生态区冬小麦兰天15号种植密度与适生性研究  

Planting Density and Adaptability of Winter Wheat “Lantian 15” in Different Ecology Regions of Qinghai Plateau

作　　者：姚有华[1] 谢德庆[1] 叶景秀[1] 

机构地区：[1]青海省农林科学院,青海西宁810016

出　　处：《作物杂志》2015年第2期154-157,共4页Crops

基　　金：青海大学中青年科研基金项目(2012-QNT-4;2012-QNY-3)

摘　　要：随着全球气候变暖,冬小麦在青海高原种植区域内的越冬率明显提高,但由于青海高原农业分布垂直变化明显,生态类型复杂多样,对冬小麦品种的适应性要求较高。因此,于2009-2010年开展了冬小麦品种兰天15号不同生态区密度和生产适应性试验、适宜种植地区的最高海拔界定以及丰产栽培技术试验,旨在进一步明确冬小麦在青海高原内的适宜种植区域,为进一步稳定和扩大区域内高寒地区冬小麦种植提供理论依据。结果表明,参试材料在不同生态区均表现出较好的适应性,密度试验平均产量达8 433.0kg/hm2,比对照平均增产10.2%,生产适应性试验平均产量达9 048.0kg/hm2,比对照平均增产25.8%;种植区域最高海拔可界定为2 557.0∽2 740.0m;在不同生态区播种量为225.0∽262.5kg/hm2较为适宜,产量在6 750.0kg/hm2以上的最优农艺措施搭配组合为尿素225.0∽375.0kg/hm2、过磷酸钙1 500.0∽2 700.0kg/hm2、播种量为225.0∽300.0kg/hm2。Although the overwintering rates of winter wheat have risen greatly in Qinghai plateau with global war- ming, we have higher requirements to the adaptability of winter wheat because of the obvious distribution changes in vertical of Qinghai plateau and complicated variety of ecological types. We researched density and productive adaptability, determining the highest latitudes and technology of high-yield cultivation in different ecology regions from 2009 to 2010 in order to make it clear the suitable planted areas of winter wheat and sustainable and expan- ding the planting of winter wheat in alpine areas. The results showed the tests had good adaptability with average yields of 8 433.0kg/hm2 in two years,which was 10.2% higher than that of contrast in the density test; also with average yield of 9 048.0kg/hm2 in two years,which was 25.8% higher than that of contrast in production tests. The highest planting altitude was 2 557.0 - 2 740.0m and the sowing quantity in different ecoregion was 225.0 -- 262.5kg/hm2. The most optimal agronomic techniques with production more than 6 750.0kg/hm2 was 225.0 375. 0kg/hm2 urea, 1 500.0 - 2 700. Okg/hm2 superphosphate and 225.0 - 300. Okg/hm2 sowing quantity.

关 键 词：青海高原 不同生态区 冬小麦 种植密度 适生性 

分 类 号：S512.11[农业科学—作物学]