冷战后中美关系定位演变与新型大国关系构建  

Development of the Nature of Sino-U.S. Relations after the Cold War and the New Model of Major-Country Relationship between China and the U.S.

作　　者：胡勇[1] 

机构地区：[1]上海对外经贸大学国际战略与政策分析研究所

出　　处：《国际展望》2015年第2期34-49,共16页Global Review

基　　金：上海市高校青年教师培养资助计划的支持

摘　　要：冷战后中美关系的定位一波三折,甚至大起大落。双方既达成过"共同致力于建立中美建设性战略伙伴关系"的共识,也险些从"战略伙伴"蜕变为"战略竞争者"。中美关系定位之所以不够稳定,与双方在认知和战略上的差异密切相关,同时也受到两国关系中其他结构性因素的影响。中美建立战略伙伴关系的尝试虽然没有成功,但对如今两国构建新型大国关系仍具有启示作用。首先,不能对复杂的中美关系作简单的"标签化"定位。其次,要重视两国在相互认知上的差异,做到知己知彼。再次,要运用底线思维,力争中美关系的主导权,做到有备无患。总之,构建中美新型大国关系不会一帆风顺,我们要从冷战后中美关系定位演变中汲取经验教训,避免重蹈上世纪末中美建立战略伙伴关系的覆辙,力争使中美新型大国关系成为未来中美关系的新常态。The nature of Sino-U.S. relations has developed dramatically after the Cold War. The two nations reached the consensus to build a constructive strategic partnership in the late 1990 s which could be regarded as the precursor to today's new model of major-country relationship between China and the United States. However, due to big differences over perception and strategy on partnership, and other structural contradictions, the proposed strategic partnership has not been built successfully between the two nations. In order to avoid the possible failure of the new model of major-country relationship, we must learn lessons from the history of unsuccessful strategic partnership in the late 1990 s. Firstly, the Sino-U.S. relationship is too complicated to be summarized with a single label. Secondly, divergence over mutual perceptions between the two nations should be taken seriously. Thirdly, bottom-line thinking should be adopted to guide the development of Sino-U.S. relations.

关 键 词：中美关系定位 战略伙伴关系 新型大国关系 

分 类 号：D822.371.2[政治法律—政治学]