黄山市2010~2013年疑似预防接种异常反应监测分析  

Surveillance and analysis of adverse events following immunization in Huangshan City, Anhui Province, China during 2010 ~ 2013

作　　者：张向阳[1] 汪萍[1] 王维维[1] 

机构地区：[1]黄山市疾病预防控制中心,安徽黄山245000

出　　处：《中国生物制品学杂志》2015年第2期155-159,共5页Chinese Journal of Biologicals

摘　　要：目的分析黄山市2010~2013年疑似预防接种异常反应（adverse events following immunization,AEFI）的发生特征,评价预防接种的安全性。方法采用描述性流行病学方法对2010~2013年黄山市AEFI监测资料进行分析。结果 2010~2013年全市共报告AEFI 116例,其中一般反应99例（85.34%）,异常反应11例（9.48%）,偶合症5例（4.31%）,接种事故1例（0.86%）。各区县均有AEFI报告,48 h内报告率为93.10%,48 h内调查率为97.14%;男女性别比为1.27∶1,年龄≤1岁占43.10%,报告疫苗以国家免疫规划（National Immunization Programme,NIP）疫苗为主;报告的AEFI病例主要集中在5~9月份,68.97%发生在接种后1 d内;AEFI报告发生率为7.39/10万,其中一般反应为6.30/10万,异常反应为0.70/10万,一般反应以发热、红肿、硬结为主,异常反应以过敏性皮疹、卡介苗淋巴结炎为主。结论全市AEFI监测质量有待继续提高,各区县报告数据差异较大。AEFI常发生于低年龄组儿童和NIP疫苗,为监测重点;各疫苗不良反应报告发生率均在预期发生范围内,安全性良好。Objective To analyze the occurrence features of adverse events following Immunization（AEFI）in Huangshan City, Auhui Province, China during 2010 ~ 2013 and evaluate the safety of vaccination. Methods The data on AEFI in Huangshan City during 2010 ~ 2013 were analyzed by descriptive epidemiological method. Results A total of 116 cases of AEFI were reported in the city during 2010 ~ 2013, including 99（85. 34%）cases of general events, 11（9. 48%）cases of abnormal events, 5（4. 31%）cases of coincidental event and one case（0. 86%） of vaccination accident. The AEFI report coverage rate in counties was 100. 00%, while the report and investigated rates within 48 h were 93. 10% and97. 14% respectively. The sex ratio of the cases was 1. 27 ∶ 1. A portion of 43. 10% of the cases occurred in the infants at ages of not more than one year. The reported incidence of AEFI was 7. 39 / 100 000, while those of general and abnormal events were 6. 30 / 100 000 and 0. 70 / 100 000 respectively. The general events were mainly fever as well as redness,swelling and indurations of injection sites, while the abnormal events were mainly anaphylactic rash and BCG-associated lymphadenitis. Conclusion The quality of AEFI surveillance is still low and uneven between various counties. AEFIs are usually occurred in young children and those after inoculation with the vaccines belonging to the National Immunization Programme（NIP）. The report rates of various vaccines are within the expected range, indicating high safety.

关 键 词：疑似预防接种异常反应 监测 

分 类 号：R186[医药卫生—流行病学]