不同听觉补偿方式下听障儿童的听觉言语康复效果比较  

Comparison of Rehabilitation Effects of Deaf Children with Different Compensation Strategies

作　　者：兰莉[1] 李斐[1] 刘宇清[1] 叶清[1] 杨可婕[1] 王敏[1] 陶方英[1] 韩巍[1] 张嫄[1] 王幼勤[1] 

机构地区：[1]贵州省人民医院听力中心,贵阳550002

出　　处：《听力学及言语疾病杂志》2015年第2期186-190,共5页Journal of Audiology and Speech Pathology

基　　金：贵州省科技合作基金[黔科合LS字(2011)023号]资助

摘　　要：目的：比较选配助听器与人工耳蜗植入术后听障儿童的听觉言语康复效果，探讨不同听觉补偿方式对其听觉言语康复效果的影响。方法选取32例6～43月龄选配助听器或人工耳蜗植入后的重度及极重度感音神经性语前聋患儿为研究对象，其中助听器组18名，人工耳蜗组14名，两组的听力损失程度无统计学差异，均在干预1年内进行相同的听觉言语康复训练，使用声场测听测试助听听阈；使用婴幼儿有意义听觉整合量表评估干预前及干预后3、6、9、12个月时的听觉能力；采用《听障儿童听觉言语能力评估》测试两组康复训练前后的言语能力。结果两组患儿助听听阈均优于助听前，但人工耳蜗组各频率助听听阈显著优于助听器组（P＜0．05）；两组听觉能力得分均随听觉补偿时间的延长而提高（P＜0．05）；助听器组在干预后9个月的听觉能力得分明显高于干预前、干预3个月及干预6个月（P＜0．05）；人工耳蜗组在术后6个月的听觉能力得分高于术前及术后3个月（P＜0． 05）；人工耳蜗组在干预后6、9、12个月的听觉能力得分均高于助听器组（ P＜0．05）；两组助听后康复级别及言语年龄均高于助听前，人工耳蜗组康复级别及言语年龄均高于助听器组（P＜0．05）。结论对于极重度以上感音神经性聋婴幼儿，人工耳蜗植入者听觉言语康复效果优于助听器选配者。Objective The hearing and speech rehabilitation effects by hearing aid use and cochlear implanta‐tion in hearing -impaired children were compared .Methods A total of infants aged from 6 months to 3 years with severe hearing loss of prelingual nature were included .They were divided into 2 groups ：group 1 （18 with hearing aids） and group 2 （14 with cochlear implantation） .There was no significant difference in the degree of hearing loss and age between the 2 groups .They received rehabilitation education of the same content for a year .Their unaided and aided thresholds were tested in sound field while the IT -MAIS was used for evaluating hearing ability of two groups before and after 3 ,6 ,9 ,and 12 months of hearing aid use and cochlear implantation .Results In both groups ,hearing were better in aided conditions than those of in unaided ,while those from the cochlear group were significantly improved at more frequencies than those of the hearing aid group .In general ,the longer use and train‐ing ,the better hearing improvement .The mean scores of auditory performance in the cochlear implantation group at 6 months were significantly higher in comparison with those at 3 months （P〈0 .05） .There were significant differ‐ences in mean scores between the two groups at 6 ,9 ,12 months after fitting （P〈0 .05） .The verbal ability scores ,hearing and speech rehabilitation levels in the cochlear group were higher than those of in the hearing aid group （P〈0 .05） .Conclusion For severe hearing loss children ,cochlear implantation could produce more noticeable effects than hearing aids .

关 键 词：听力损失 儿童 助听器 人工耳蜗植入 康复 

分 类 号：R764.5[医药卫生—耳鼻咽喉科]