纳米TATB的绿色制备法  

Preparation of Nano-TATB by Environment-friendly Method

作　　者：徐洋[1] 徐文峥[1] 王晶禹[1] 荆肖凡[2] 孟凡维 

机构地区：[1]中北大学化工与环境学院,山西太原030051 [2]陕西应用物理化学研究所,陕西西安710061

出　　处：《火工品》2015年第1期26-29,共4页Initiators & Pyrotechnics

摘　　要：采用二甲基亚砜（DMSO）和绿色环保溶剂1-乙基-3-甲基咪唑醋酸盐，按质量比为70：30混合作为溶剂，去离子水作为非溶剂，制备了纳米级TATB。采用扫描电镜、激光粒度分析仪和X射线衍射仪（XRD）对TATB的形貌、粒度和晶体结构进行了表征，并测试了样品的热分解性能和机械感度。结果表明：细化后的TATB粒度分布范围为51．9～65．5nm，平均粒径为58．4nm，晶型结构与原料相比没有改变；细化后TATB的活化能降低，说明细化后的TATB热稳定性降低；细化后的TATB撞击感度较原料有所提高，而原料TATB和细化TATB的摩擦感度都很低。Using DMSO and enviroment-friendlyl-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium acetate with mass ratio of 70 to 30 as solvent, as well as deionized water as non-solvent, the nano-TATB was prepared. TATB samples were characterized by scanning electron microscopy （SEM） ,particle size analysis and XRD, and its mechanical sensitivity were tested. It can be found that, the refmed particle sizes of TATB distribute from 51.9nm to 65.5nm, its mean particle diameter is 58.4nm,crystal structure of TATB has not been changed. Comparing the ultrafine TATB with raw material, its activation energy is lower than that of raw material, which shows that the TATB thermal stability is decreased after refining. Meanwhile, the impact sensitivity of ultrafine TATB is increased a little than that of raw material, but the friction sensitivity ofultrafine TATB is as low as raw material＇s.

关 键 词：纳米TATB 环保 表征 机械感度 

分 类 号：TQ564[化学工程—炸药化工]