添加不同颗粒沸石粉对沙壤玉米NPK吸收和水分、养分淋溶的影响  

Effects of Adding Different Particle Composition of Zeolite Powders to Sandy Soil on NPK Uptake of Corn,Irrigation Leakage and Nutrient Leaching

作　　者：王甲辰[1,2] 陈延华[1,2] 邹国元[1,2] 宫延刚[1,2] 王美菊[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]北京市农林科学院植物营养与资源研究所,北京100097 [2]北京市缓控释肥料工程技术研究中心,北京101399

出　　处：《水土保持学报》2015年第2期1-6,34,共7页Journal of Soil and Water Conservation

基　　金：北京市农林科学院科技创新能力建设项目(KJCX20140412);北京市农委科技支农项目(20130108)

摘　　要：将不同颗粒组成的沸石粉添加到砂壤土耕层,研究其对玉米生长、NPK养分吸收、水分和养分淋洗的影响,以科学有效利用沸石资源改良土壤和对环境保护提供理论依据。土柱试验采用长100cm、直径10cm的PVC管进行,设8个处理,分别为:CK0(不施肥+0g沸石粉体)、CK(施肥+0g粉体)、A(施肥+8g粉体a)、B(施肥+添加8g粉体b)、C(施肥+8g粉体c)、D(施肥+8g粉体d)、E(施肥+8g粉体e)、F(施肥+添加8g粉体f)。结果表明,与单施肥CK处理相比,所有施肥添加粉体处理均可提高玉米生物量,其中粘粒级颗粒含量最高的2个处理E、F分别提高了71.36%和63.69%,达到显著水平。与CK相比,处理E显著减少淋溶水14.94%。添加粉体处理均可促进N、K的吸收,处理F对N的吸收量为74.52%,达到显著水平,处理E、F对K的吸收量分别达63.39%和63.62%,达到显著水平。与对照CK相比,添加粉体处理对NH4+-N、NO3--N、P和K淋洗量没有显著减少,但与最粗沸石颗粒组成的处理A相比,处理C、D、E的NH4+-N淋洗量分别显著降低了49.21%,71.42%和60.32%,处理D、E、F的NO3--N淋洗量分别显著降低84.91%,94.34%和83.02%,处理C、D的P淋洗量分别显著降低36.84%和42.11%,处理E、F的K淋洗量分别显著降低37.81%和34.25%。由此可知,在沙壤中添加粘粒级颗粒含量较高的粉体有利于促进植株生长和对N、K的吸收,减少水分、养分淋洗对环境的污染。The soil column experiment was used to study the effects of adding different particle composition of zeolite to plough layer of sandy loam on corn（Zea mays L.）growth,NPK absorption,water leakage,nutrient leaching and provide scientific and theoretical basis of effective utilization zeolite resource to which improving soil fertility and environment protection.The test was used PVC lysimeters with 100 cm long and 10 cm in diameter.There were eight treatments in the test：CK0（No fertilizer＋0g zeolite powder）,CK（fertilizer＋0g zeolite powder）,A（Fertilizer＋8g zeolite powder a）,B（Fertilizer＋8g zeolite powder b）,C（Fertilizer＋8g zeolite powder c）,D（Fertilizer＋8g zeolite powder d）,E（Fertilizer＋8g zeolite powder e）,F（Fertilizer＋8g zeolite powder f）respectively.The results showed that the corn biomasses increased under adding fertilizer and zeolite powder treatments compared with only adding fertilizer treatment CK,and the treatment E and F accounted for 71.36% and 63.69%,were higher than that of CK respectively,and got to significant level.Treatment E had significantly reduced water leakage by 14.94% compared with CK. Meanwhile,all treatments of adding powders had improved N and K uptake,but only treatment F improved N uptake was74.52%,treatment E and F improved K uptake were 63.39%and 63.62%,and they were up to significantly levels.Although treatments of adding powders had not reduced the leaching amounts of NH4^＋-N,NO3^--N,P and K significantly,but compared with the most coarse particle composition zeolite powder treatment A,the leaching amount of NH4^＋-N for treatment C,D,E had significantly decreased by 49.21%,71.42%and60.32%respectively,the leaching amount of NO3^--N for treatment D,E,F had significantly decreased by84.91%,94.34% and 83.02% respectively,the leaching amount of P for treatment C,D had significantlydecreased by 36.84%and 42.11%,and the leaching amount of K for treatment E,F had significantly decreased by37.81%and 34.25%respectively.This could be con

关 键 词：沸石粉 颗粒组成 土壤肥力 水分淋溶 养分淋洗 

分 类 号：S143[农业科学—肥料学] S153.5[农业科学—农业基础科学]