自制炸药的冲击波超压测试及TNT当量估算  

Shock Wave Overpressure Test and Evaluation of TNT Equivalent of Self-made Explosives

作　　者：刘玲[1] 袁俊明[1] 刘玉存[1] 范星海[2] 常双君[1] 王建华[1] 于雁武[1] 

机构地区：[1]中北大学化工与环境学院,山西太原030051 [2]陕西应用物理化学研究所,陕西西安710061

出　　处：《火炸药学报》2015年第2期50-53,共4页Chinese Journal of Explosives & Propellants

基　　金：火炸药青年基金(08020401-4)

摘　　要：为评估典型自制炸药的威力,采用无线存储测试仪测量了一定质量的雷药、三过氧化三丙酮(TATP)、六亚甲基三过氧化二胺(HMTD)、高氯酸钾/铝及硝酸铵/铝5种自制炸药爆炸后不同距离处的冲击波超压及衰减规律。运用非线性显式动力学软件AUTODYN建立了TNT炸药-土壤-空气域有限元模型,用流固耦合算法计算了不同质量TNT的超压场,获得了距离爆心38、58和78cm处TNT炸药质量-超压曲线,依据该曲线计算了自制炸药的TNT当量。结果表明,TATP、HMTD的TNT当量系数计算结果与文献值基本一致,相对误差在2%以内。To evaluate the power of typical self-made explosives,the overpressure and attenuation rule at different distances after the explosion of five kinds of self-made explosives:fireworks,TATP, HMTD,KClO4/Al, NH4 NO3/Al with a certain mass were measured by a wireless memory tester.An infinite element wedge model of TNT explosive-soil-airdomain was established by a nonlinear explicit dynamics software AUTODYN. The overpressure field of TNT with different mass was calculated with the fluid-solid coupling algorithms.The TNT mass-overpressure curves at the distance of 38,58 and 78cm from explosion center were obtained .The TNT equivalents of self-made explosives were estimated based on the TNT mass-overpressure curves.Results show that the computed results of TNT equivalent coefficient for TATP and HMTD are in agreement with the literature ones, and the relative error is within 2%.

关 键 词：爆炸力学 自制炸药 冲击波超压 TNT当量 数值模拟 

分 类 号：TJ55[兵器科学与技术—军事化学与烟火技术] TQ560[化学工程—炸药化工]