嫦娥系列探月卫星无线电科学实验简介  

Radio Science Experiments in Chang'e Series Missions

作　　者：平劲松[1] 王明远[1] 张素君[1,2] 简念川[2] 王震[1,3] 鄢建国[1,4] 孟桥[5] 陈从颜[5] 席禹豪 唐继斐[5] 张天翼[5] 李文潇[1,6] 张洪波[1] 汪敏[7] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院国家天文台月球与深空探测重点实验室,北京100012 [2]中国科学院上海天文台,上海200030 [3]中国科学院新疆天文台,乌鲁木齐830011 [4]武汉大学测绘遥感信息工程国家重点实验室,武汉430070 [5]东南大学空间学院,南京210018 [6]北京师范大学天文系,北京100875 [7]中国科学院云南天文台,昆明650011

出　　处：《深空探测学报》2014年第3期192-199,共8页Journal Of Deep Space Exploration

基　　金：国家重点基础研究发展计划(973计划)项目(2015CB857101)

摘　　要：在"嫦娥1/2/3号"系列探测任务中开展了行星无线电科学探测实验,这些工作包括:使用天文VLBI技术对探测器进行工程和科学测轨、定位观测,开环和闭环测速测距观测,基于微波观测重构和优化月球重力场模型,通过重力异常揭示质量瘤和撞击盆地。星载或器载主/被动雷达设备还用于探测月壤和月球内部结构。在"嫦娥2号"任务中,实现了对拉格朗日平动点利萨如轨道飞行的测控,以及对图塔蒂斯小行星的飞掠探测。在"嫦娥3号"任务中,实现了多通道开环3向相位测距和多普勒测速技术。该月球无线电相位测距技术LRPR作为一种新的空间测量技术,可以用于测定台站的位置、潮汐、星体的自转特性。还可以与月球激光测距技术LLR融合,监测月球动力学运动变化,并有潜力用于未来的火星探测任务。Planetary radio science experiments have been carried out in Chinese lunar exploration missions of Chang'e-1/2/3.The astronomical VLBI technique was adopted for tracking and orbiting of the Chinese Chang'e 1 &2missions,and played an important role in positioning the orbit injection and hard landing.Besides the orbiters'POD work and lander positioning work using open loop and close loop R&RR and VLBI tracking data,many other experiments have also been done.In orbiter missions,the lunar gravity field model was improved by using Chang'e-1R&RR data,and new topographical features were discovered based on the new model.Also,the micro-wave passive method was used to study the lunar surface and sub-surface features.In extended mission of Chang'e-2,POD by R&RR and VLBI played key role on L2 Lissajous orbit mission,and on Toutatis asteroid fly-by mission.InChang'e-3landing mission,a 3-way open loop lunar radio phase ranging and Doppler technique was suggested and tested.This method,called Lunar Radio Phase Ranging(LRPR)can be a new space geodetic technique to measure the station position,earth tide and rotation,lunar orbit,tide and liberation,by means of independent observation,or to work together with Lunar Laser Ranging.Also,it can be used in future Mars mission.

关 键 词：无线电科学 嫦娥 月球探测 多普勒 VLBI 

分 类 号：P691[天文地球—地质学] V556.6[航空宇航科学与技术—人机与环境工程]