氮肥对北疆滴灌复播青储玉米光合特性及养分利用的影响  

Effects of nitrogen fertilizer on the photosynthetic characteristics and nutrient utilization of drip irrigated silage maize by sequential cropping in north Xinjiang

作　　者：裴磊[1,2] 王振华[1,2] 郑旭荣[1,2] 王久龙[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]石河子大学水利建筑工程学院,新疆石河子832000 [2]现代节水灌溉兵团重点实验室,新疆石河子832000

出　　处：《干旱地区农业研究》2015年第2期176-182,共7页Agricultural Research in the Arid Areas

基　　金：国家科技支撑计划项目(2011BAD29B06);国家自然科学基金项目(51169022)

摘　　要：为了解氮肥对北疆滴灌复播青储玉米生理指标的影响,提高氮肥利用效率,通过田间小区试验,研究了一管一行毛管布置模式下,不同氮肥处理(100、170、240、310、380 kg·hm-2)对复播青储玉米光合特性、土壤铵态氮分布的影响。结果表明,不同氮肥处理条件下复播玉米叶片净光合速率、蒸腾速率日变化曲线均呈单峰型;土壤铵态氮含量总体上随施氮量的增加先减少后增加;产量随施氮量的增加先增加后减小。综合分析认为,一管一行毛管布置模式下,240 kg·hm-2的施氮量处理下水氮耦合效果最佳,土壤铵态氮含量总体最少,产量与叶片水分利用效率最高,净光合速率较高。In order to investigate the effects of nitrogen （N） fertilizer on the physiological indexes of drip irrigated silage maize by sequential cropping in north Xinjiang ,to increase N fertilizer utilization efficiency ,through the field plot experiments have researched the effects of photosynthetic characteristics and soil NH4 ＋ -N distribution under the layout pattern of one row with one lateral pipe and different N fertilizer treatments （i .e .,100 ,170 ,240 ,310 kg·hm - 2 and 385 kg·hm - 2 ） .The results showed that ：For different N fertilizer treatment condition ,the daily change curves of the net photosynthetic rate of the leaves and transpiration rate of the sequential cropping maize displayed a single peak type . Holistically ,soil total NH4 ＋ - N content decreased at first and then increased with increasing the N application .The yield increased at first and then decreased with increasing N application .Through the comprehensive analysis ,we think under the layout pattern of one row with one lateral pipe ,the N fertilizer application treatment of 240 kg·hm - 2 was the best effect of water - N coupling with the lowest soil total NH4 ＋ -N content ,highest yield and water use efficiency of the leaf ,and a relatively high net photosynthetic rate .

关 键 词：滴灌 复播 青储玉米 氮肥 光合特性 产量 

分 类 号：S275.6[农业科学—农业水土工程]