秸秆还田对黑土区农田中小型土壤节肢动物群落的影响  

Effect of Straw Returning on Cropland Soil Meso- and Micro-Arthropods Community in the Black Soil Area

作　　者：徐演鹏[1,2] 谭飞 胡彦鹏 卢萍[2,5] 吴建平[1] 林英华[2] 

机构地区：[1]东北林业大学野生动物资源学院,哈尔滨154000 [2]中国林业科学研究院湿地研究所,北京100091 [3]广西九万山国家级自然保护区管理局,柳州545300 [4]河北省隆化县国营林场管理局,隆化068150 [5]国家林业局森林保护学重点实验室中国林业科学研究院森林生态环境与保护研究,北京100091

出　　处：《动物学杂志》2015年第2期262-271,共10页Chinese Journal of Zoology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(No.31071904)

摘　　要：2011年9月与2012年9月,采用改良干漏斗方法,对吉林黑土区5种秸秆还田方式,即0倍、0.5倍、1.0倍、1.5倍、2.0倍,对农田小型土壤节肢动物群落影响进行研究。研究时段,共获得中小型土壤节肢动物7 238只,隶属3纲4目3亚目11科,其中2011年2 795只,隶属3纲4目3亚目6科,2012年4 443只,隶属3纲4目3亚目8科。分析结果表明,土壤中小型节肢动物群落受秸秆还田量的影响显著(P<0.01);土壤小型节肢动物个体总数、类群总数、多样性和生物量随秸秆还田量增加呈递增趋势,不同年份之间土壤小型节肢动物群落组成存在显著性差异(P<0.001)。冗余分析(RDA)显示,土壤湿度对土壤中小型节肢动物的影响最大;土壤温度、土壤湿度、土壤p H对中气门亚目、短角虫兆科、球角虫兆科种群均具有抑制性作用。This study investigated the influence of corn straw returning to soil on the meso- and micro-Arthropods Community in black soil area of Gongzuling, Jilin Province geographically located in 40052＇ - 46°18＇, 121°38＇ - 131°19＇E with elevation 150 - 222 m）. The product of corn straw there was 7 500 kg/hm2 on average. Five treatments of shattered corn straw residue with a gradient 0%, 50%, 100%, 150% and 200% of the production were returned to the soil in April 2011. We sampled the soil of each treatment at September 2011 and September 2012 to identified the meso- and micro-Arthropods into families. A total of 7 238 individuals animals of meso- and micro-Arthropods, belonged to 3 classes, 4 orders, 3 suborders and 11 super-families, were collected, 2 795 individuals in 2011, belonged to 3 classes, 4 orders, 3 suborders and 6 super-families, and 4 443 individuals in 2012, belonged to 3 classes, 4 orders, 3 suborders and 8 super-families （Table 2）. Our data indicated that soil meso- and micro-Arthropods Community was significantly effected by the application of corn straw return to black soil （P 〈 0.01） （Table 3）, four indices, total individuals, total groups, diversity index and biomass had increased with the amount increase of corn straw returned to soil increase. A significantly differences were also found in the four indices between the 2011 and 2012 （P 〈 0.001） （Table 3） with the time duration increase. The redundancy analysis （RDA） showed that the largest effect on soil meso- and micro-Arthropods was soil moisture （Fig. 3）. Soil temperature, soil moisture and soil pH had a negatively effect on animals belonging to Mesostigmata, Neelidae and Hypogastruridae.

关 键 词：土壤理化性质 群落结构 相关性 冗余分析 

分 类 号：S154.5[农业科学—土壤学]