水量统一调度以来黄河内蒙古河段耗水量分析  

Water consumption in Inner Mongolian reach of the Yellow River since integrated water regulation

作　　者：金双彦[1] 张遂业[1] 马志瑾[1] 张萍[1] 

机构地区：[1]黄河水文水资源科学研究院

出　　处：《地理学报》2015年第3期501-508,共8页Acta Geographica Sinica

基　　金：中央分成水资源费项目(1261320157643);国家科技支撑计划课题(2012BAB02B04);黄科院基本科研业务费专项(HKY-JBYW-2014-21)~~

摘　　要：黄河水量统一调度始于1999年3月,本次对1999-2011年黄河内蒙古河段引水和退水的年内、年际变化以及引排比关系进行了分析;利用遥感图片,核查了黄河干流石嘴山—头道拐河段的引退水口门;分别采用引退水法和水量平衡法计算了黄河内蒙古河段的引黄耗水量。结果表明:该研究时段内蒙古河套灌区退水量与引水量的比值平均为0.16,呈现逐年增大的趋势,引退水关系比较好,存在"大引大排"现象;引退水法年平均耗水量为75.44亿m3,年际变化相对比较平缓;水量平衡法年平均耗水量为56.72亿m3,年际变化非常明显;两种方法耗水量差别明显的原因之一是颁证引退水口门与实际引退水口门数量不相同。The integrated water regulation of the Yellow River was initiated in March 1999. This paper analyzed the annual allocation, inter-annual variance and relation of water diversion and recession in Inner Mongolian reach of the Yellow River main stream from 1999 to 2011. Water diversion and recession gates from Shizuishan to Toudaoguai reach of the Yellow River were verified with the aid of remote sensing images. Water consumption of Inner Mongolian reach is calculated by both the water diversion-recession method and the water balance method. The results indicated that the mean ratio of water recession and water diversion in the Hetao Irrigation District of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region is 0.16 with a year-on-year increase. The correlation between water recession and diversion in this district is good, i.e. larger water diversion is companied with larger water recession. The average water consumption calculated through the water diversion-recession method is 7.544 billion m^3 and the inter-annual variance is relatively steady, while the result obtained through the water balance method is 5.672 billion m^3 and the inter-annual variation is obvious. The difference of the results by these two methods is remarkable. One of the important reasons for causing the difference is the discrepancy between the numbers of the certified water gates and actual water gates.

关 键 词：耗水量 引退水法 水量平衡法 引水量 退水量 内蒙古河段 水量统一调度 

分 类 号：TV213.4[水利工程—水文学及水资源]