铁路含油污泥的焚烧特性  

Incineration Characteristics of Railway Oily Sludge

作　　者：王锦[1] 龚春辰 刘德民[1] 曹成艳 丁红[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京交通大学土木建筑工程学院,北京100044

出　　处：《中国铁道科学》2015年第2期130-135,共6页China Railway Science

基　　金：铁道部科技研究开发计划项目(2012Z002-E);中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金资助项目(2014JBM073)

摘　　要：为了给铁路含油污泥资源化利用提供依据,通过试验,研究铁路含油污泥的含油率、含水率、高位热值、工业特性和元素含量及焚烧特性。结果表明：铁路含油污泥的含油率为4%-20%,低于油田含油污泥的含油率,但明显高于市政污泥的含油率;铁路含油污泥的高位热值为5 830~19 510kJ·kg-1,其上限甚至高于一些地区的燃煤热值;铁路含油污泥中的挥发分较高,有利于其完全焚烧,且其燃烧产生的氮氧化物和硫氧化物的浓度与燃煤相近;采用多管除尘器或布袋除尘器对铁路含油污泥焚烧产生的烟气进行除尘,除尘效率达到95%以上,并可降低烟气中重金属的浓度,达到国家排放标准的要求;铁路含油污泥及其焚烧残渣中多环芳烃有机污染物的总含量分别为0.014 74%和0.001 23%,远低于国家标准《危险废物鉴别标准——毒性物质含量鉴别》中规定的0.1%。In order to provide a basis for the resource utilization of railway oily sludge,the oil content,moisture content,gross calorific value,industrial properties,elemental composition and incineration characteristics of railway oily sludge were systematically studied by a series of experiments.The results show that the oil content of railway oily sludge is between 4% and 20%,which is lower than that of oil field sludge but much higher than that of municipal sludge;the gross calorific value of railway oily sludge is between 5 830 and 19 510kJ·kg-1,and its upper limit even exceeds the calorific value of coal burning in some areas.The volatile matter in railway oil sludge is higher which is conducive to its complete combustion.However,its concentrations of nitrogen oxides and sulfur oxides from the burning of railway oil sludge are similar to those from coal combustion.If the dust removal efficiency reaches 95%or more by installing multi-tube dust catcher or bag dust collector when railway oily sludge of high heavy metal concentration is incinerated,the heavy metal concentrations in the emission flue gas will be reduced and thus meet the national discharge standards.GC-MS results show that the toxic organic pollutants polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons（PAHs）concentration in railway oily sludge and incineration residue is0.014 74% and 0.001 23% respectively,both are far lower than the standard value 0.1% defined in＂Identification Standards for Hazardous Wastes—Identification for Toxic Substance Content＂.

关 键 词：铁路含油污泥 成分分析 焚烧特性 含油率 热值 资源化利用 

分 类 号：X731[环境科学与工程—环境工程]