2011年春季东海赤潮高发区尿素分布特征及影响因素  

Distribution and concentration of urea in the East China Sea in spring of 2011

作　　者：王雪景[1,2] 石晓勇[1,2,3] 赵玉庭 张传松[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]中国海洋大学化学化工学院,山东青岛266100 [2]中国海洋大学海洋化学理论与工程技术教育部重点实验室,山东青岛266100 [3]国家海洋局海洋减灾中心,北京100194 [4]山东省海洋资源与环境研究院,山东烟台264003

出　　处：《海洋学报》2015年第2期65-74,共10页

基　　金：国家重点基础研究发展计划(973)项目(2010CB428701);国家自然科学基金(41376106)

摘　　要：2011年春季（3-5月）在东海赤潮高发区硅藻和甲藻赤潮暴发及演替过程中进行了3个航次的现场调查,通过对调查资料的分析,对该海域尿素的含量变化、平面分布特征及影响因素进行了初步探讨。结果表明：调查海域尿素的含量在检出限~6.32μmol/L范围内,平均浓度为（1.33±0.84）μmol/L,是该海域一种重要的溶解有机氮组分。其中,在DIN中所占比例8.73%~18.04%,在DON中所占比例5.63%~15.73%。赤潮的暴发对尿素含量和分布影响较大,能够影响并控制该海区尿素的实际浓度水平和分布特征。其中,硅藻赤潮暴发前后尿素和DIN含量下降百分比分别为36.67%和49.88%,甲藻赤潮暴发前后尿素和DIN含量下降百分比分别为8.78%和28.97%。硅藻赤潮期,尿素的高值区和叶绿素高值区一致,其含量明显高于正常海区;甲藻赤潮期,叶绿素的高值区对应着尿素低值区,赤潮区内尿素含量普遍降低至1μmol/L以下,尿素是一种能够被研究海区甲藻类浮游植物吸收利用的有效氮源。在调查海域大规模硅藻和甲藻赤潮暴发和演替期间,尿素的平面分布上未呈现明显的近岸低、远岸高的分布特点,与盐度数值没有明显的相关性,该时期陆源输入不是影响该海域尿素分布的主要因素。Based on the data of three cruises in Spring（March to May）of 2011 that carried out in the south of Yangtze estuary where was high frequent occurrence of harmful algal blooms,the concentration and the spatial distribution of urea were analyzed and its influencing factors were discussed.The results showed：The concentration of urea ranged from detection limit to 6.32μmol/L and its average was（1.33±0.84）μmol/L.Urea was an important form of dissolved organic nitrogen during the survey.The ratio of urea to DIN was 8.73%-18.04%and the proportion of urea in DON was 5.63%-15.73%.The occurrence of diatom HABs and dinoflagellate HABs could affect the content and distribution of urea in the invested area and control the urea concentration and distribution characteristics in this area.The decreased ratio of urea and DIN were 36.67%,49.88% after diatom HABs,respectively;after dinoflagellate HABs,urea and DIN decreased 8.78%and 28.97%.In the diatom HABsarea,the zones of high urea concentration and high chlorophyll were in the same position and the urea content was significantly higher than that of normal zones.In the dinoflagellate HABs area,the zones of high chlorophyll values were corresponded to the zones of low urea values,urea generally reduced to 1μmol/L in this area.Urea was a kind of effective nitrogen source for phytoplankton of dinoflagellate.During the large scale HABs of diatom and dinoflagellate and their succession process in the invested area,the distribution of urea had no characteristic of gradual reduction from inshore to offshore.Urea concentration and salinity had no significant correlation.During the investigation,terrigenous input was not the main factor affecting the distribution of urea.

关 键 词：长江口 东海 赤潮 尿素 分布 

分 类 号：P734.2[天文地球—海洋化学]