饲料不同蛋白质、脂肪水平对乌苏里拟鲿生长、饲料利用及体成分的影响  

Kffocts of dietary protein and lipid levels on growth?fee(l utilization and hotly composition in Pseudobagru,s u,ssuricns Jbiffcrlirigs

作　　者：王裕玉[1] 杨雨虹[1] 马国军[2] 陈松波[1] 石野[1] 刘大森[1] 郭家翔[2] 

机构地区：[1]东北农业大学动物科学技术学院,黑龙江哈尔滨150030 [2]中国水产科学研究院黑龙江水产研究所,黑龙江哈尔滨150070

出　　处：《中国饲料》2015年第7期27-31,37,共6页China Feed

基　　金：黑龙江省自然科学基金(C201304);黑龙江省教育厅科技研究项目(12531039)

摘　　要：通过8周的养殖试验,研究了饲料中不同蛋白质、脂肪水平对乌苏里拟鲿生长、饲料利用及体成分的影响,旨在探讨乌苏里拟鲿对蛋白质和脂肪的适宜需要量。试验共设4个蛋白水平（35%、40%、45%、50%）,每个蛋白质水平设3个脂肪水平（5%、10%、15%）,共12组饲料,每组设3个重复。将初始体重为（3.40±0.01）g的乌苏里拟鲿随机分配到36个玻璃缸中（1.0 m×0.5 m×0.8 m）,每缸25尾,每日饱饲投喂2次（08：00和16：00）。试验结果表明：在同一蛋白质水平下,随着饲料脂肪水平从5%上升至15%,鱼的增重率和特定生长率逐渐下降;脂肪含量5%组的鱼表现出较低的饲料系数（P〈0.05）,较高的蛋白质效率和氮沉积率;在同一脂肪水平下,蛋白质水平从35%上升至45%,鱼的增重率和特定生长率显著增加,但是随着蛋白质水平进一步增加至50%,鱼的增重率和特定生长率有降低的趋势。全鱼和鱼肉脂肪含量随着饲料脂肪含量增加呈现上升趋势,在同一脂肪水平下,脂肪含量随着蛋白质水平增加呈现下降的趋势。在同一蛋白质水平下,肝体比指数随饲料脂肪含量的增加而上升。综合各项数据可得出,本试验条件下,45%蛋白质水平、5%脂肪水平,能蛋比为29.1 mg N/k J是乌苏里拟鲿生长、饲料利用适宜的蛋白质、脂肪水平。An 8-week feeding trial was conducted to investigate the optimum dietary protein and lipid levels for growth,feed utilization and body composition of Pseudobagrus ussuriensis fingerlings with initial weight of （3.40±0.01）g. Twelve diets containing four protein levels （35%,40%, 45% and 50% ）and three lipid levels （5,10 and 15%）were formu- lated.Fish were randomly allotted to 36 aquaria（ 1.0 m×0.5 m×0.8 m）of 25 each.Fish were fed twice daily （08：00 and 16： 00）to apparent satiation.The results showed that weight gain rate and specific growth rate （SGR）decreased with increasing dietary lipid level from 5 to 15% at the same dietary protein level.Fish fed the diets containing 5% lipid exhibited lower FCR （P 〈 0.05） and lower protein efficiency rate （PER） and nitrogen retention efficiency （NRE）.Weight gain rate and SGR significantly increased with increasing dietary protein from 35 to 45% at the same dietary lipid level, and even a little decline in growth with the further increase of dietary protein to 50%.Whole body lipid and muscle lipid content increased with dietary lipid level increasing,and decreased with dietary protein increasing at each lipid level.Hepatosomatic index was affected by dietary lipid level （P 〈 0.05）,and increased with increasing dietary lipid level at the same protein level. These results indicated that the diet containing 45% protein and 5% lipid,with a P/E ratio of 29.1 mg protein/kJ was opti- mal for growth and feed utilization of Pseudobagrus ussuriensis fingerlings under the experimental conditions.

关 键 词：饲料利用 生长 脂肪 蛋白 乌苏里拟鲿 

分 类 号：S963[农业科学—水产养殖]