水肥对汉源花椒幼苗抗逆生理的影响  

Effects of Water and Fertilizer on Physiological Characteristics of Stress Resistance of Zanthoxylum bungeanum Maxim.‘Hanyuan'Seedling

作　　者：王景燕[1] 龚伟[1] 李伦刚[1] 唐海龙[1] 肖千文[1] 胡文[2] 芶国军 

机构地区：[1]四川农业大学林业生态工程省级重点实验室,四川雅安625014 [2]汉源县林业局,四川雅安625300 [3]汉源县科技局,四川雅安625300

出　　处：《西北植物学报》2015年第3期530-539,共10页Acta Botanica Boreali-Occidentalia Sinica

基　　金：国家"十二五"科技支撑计划(2011BAC09B05);四川省"十二五"育种攻关项目(2011NZ0098-10);四川省科技富民强县项目;校地合作项目共同资助

摘　　要：以汉源花椒幼苗为试验材料,设置30%、50%、70%田间持水量(FWC)水平,施肥水平为全量NPK(肥料中纯N、P2O5和K2O用量分别为150、60和150kg·hm-2)、半量NPK和不施肥,并通过盆栽控制试验研究了不同水肥处理汉源花椒幼苗抗逆生理特性,运用隶属函数综合评价水肥处理对抗逆性的影响,探索汉源花椒抗逆性对水肥条件的响应机理,为实际生产提供最佳水肥管理技术。结果显示:(1)汉源花椒幼苗地径(D)和苗高(H)、叶片可溶性糖、可溶性蛋白、叶绿素和游离脯氨酸含量,以及过氧化物酶和过氧化氢酶活性及抗逆性隶属度均随施肥量的增加而增加,随土壤水分含量的增加呈先增加后降低的变化趋势,且50%FWC处理最高;叶片相对电导率和丙二醛含量均随施肥量的增加而降低,随土壤水分含量的增加呈先降低后增加的变化趋势,且50%FWC处理最低。(2)汉源花椒幼苗抗逆性隶属度与植株D、H和D2 H呈显著正相关;抗逆性隶属度(y)与土壤水分含量(x4)和施肥量(x5)的关系式为:y=-1.662-0.001 085x42-0.17x52+0.100 7x4+0.420 8x5(n=27,R2=0.989);最适宜于促进汉源花椒幼苗植株生长的土壤水分为46.4%田间持水量、并配合施用纯N、P2O5和K2O分别为185、74和185kg·hm-2的肥料组合。研究表明,适宜的土壤水分含量和肥料施用量对促进汉源花椒幼苗植株生长和抗逆性提高具有重要作用和意义。Water and fertilizer are two key factors for promoting plant growth.Our objective was to select appropriate water and fertilizer management measure for promoting plant growth and stress resistance of Zanthoxylum bungeanum Maxim.‘Hanyuan＇（ZBMH）.With the ZBMH seedling as test material,apot experiment was conducted to study the coupling effects of water and fertilizer on physiological characteristics of stress resistance,and the subordinate function was applied to comprehensively evaluate the impact of water and fertilizer on stress resistance.Water levels included 30%,50% and 70% field water capacity（FWC）;fertilizer application levels included NPK,1/2NPK and no fertilizer,and N,P2O5 and K2O fertilizer application rate in NPK was 150,60 and 150kg·hm-2,respectively.Results showed that：（1）The base diameter（D）,height（H）,soluble sugar and protein,chlorophyll and free proline contents,peroxidase and catalase activities,and subordinate degree of stress resistance（SDSR）in leaf increased with the fertilization increase,but firstly increased and then decreased with the soil water content increase,and the highest values were observed in 50% FWC.On the contrary,relative conductivity and malondialdehyde content in leaf decreased with the fertilization increase,while firstly decreased and then increased with the soil water content increase,and the lowest values were observed in 50% FWC.（2）The SDSR significantly and positively correlated with D,H and D2 H of ZBMH seedling（P〈0.05）.The relationship of SDSR（y）with soil water content（x4）and fertilization level（x5）can be described as y=-1.662-0.001 085 x42-0.17x52＋0.100 7x4＋0.420 8x5（n=27,R2=0.989）.The optimal combination of water and fertilizer was 46.4%FWC,185kg·hm-2 of N,74kg·hm-2 of P2O5,and 185kg·hm-2 of K2 O.It was suggested that appropriate soil water content and fertilizer application is important to promote plant growth and stress resistance of ZBMH seedling.

关 键 词：汉源花椒 水肥管理 植株生长 抗逆性 

分 类 号：Q946.88[生物学—植物学]