西花蓟马对六种蔬菜的选择性及受害蔬菜挥发物化学成分的变化  

Selectivity of Frankliniella occidentalis( Pergande) to six vegetables and chemical component changes of volatiles from infested vegetables

作　　者：高杭[1] 郅军锐[1] 张骏[1] 牟峰[1] 

机构地区：[1]贵州大学昆虫研究所,贵州省山地农业病虫害重点实验室,贵阳550025

出　　处：《生态学杂志》2015年第4期1019-1025,共7页Chinese Journal of Ecology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(31060244和31160367)资助

摘　　要：为了明确西花蓟马雌成虫对蔬菜的选择性及受害后蔬菜挥发物的异同,采用Y-型嗅觉仪测定了西花蓟马雌成虫对6种健康及虫害寄主(甘蓝、莴苣、黄瓜、茄子、芹菜和大蒜)的选择性,同时采用SPME-GC/MS测定了健康及虫害寄主的挥发物。结果表明:西花蓟马对虫害大蒜的选择率只有23.3%,表现出极强的负趋性(P<0.01),但在其他虫害寄主与空气之间,西花蓟马对虫害寄主均没有表现出明显的趋性(P>0.05);西花蓟马对同一种寄主健康植株与虫害寄主之间的选择没有显著差异(P>0.05);在虫害寄主两两之间的选择中,西花蓟马雌成虫在虫害甘蓝与虫害芹菜、虫害甘蓝与虫害大蒜以及虫害莴苣与虫害大蒜之间的选择达到极显著差异(P<0.01),在虫害黄瓜与虫害大蒜之间的选择达到显著差异(P<0.05);与健康寄主相比,受害寄主植物挥发物种类明显增多,最主要是烃类化合物和含氮化合物的变化,如新合成了氮丙基甲苯酰胺、E-β-罗勒烯、(E,E)-α-法尼烯,并且在虫害寄主中含量较高;芹菜和大蒜中的挥发物变化比较稳定,芹菜中β-月桂烯和二烯丙基二硫化合物含量较高。西花蓟马危害后寄主植物挥发物发生了明显的变化,这些结果将为引诱剂及驱避剂的研发提供依据。To explore the host selectivity of western flower thrips（ Frankliniella occidentalis,WFT） to vegetables and compare the differences among volatiles of healthy and WFT-infested host plants,the host selectivity of female thrips to six healthy and WFT-infested vegetables（ cabbage,lettuce,cucumber,eggplant,celery,garlic） were determined by Y-tube olfactory,and volatiles were identified by SPME-GC / MS. Y-tube olfactory experiment results showed that the selective rate of WFT to WFT-infested garlic was only 23.3%,which indicated a significant negative response compared to clean air（ P 〈0.01）. However,when being offered a choice between other WFT-infested host odors and clean air,WFT didn＇t show significant response to the odors of damaged host（ P 〉0. 05）. There was no significant difference in WFT＇s selectivity between healthy and WFT-infested plant of same host（ P〉0.05）. Among pairings of WFT-infested plants,female thrips significantly preferred cabbage to celery and garlic（ P 〈0.01）,and the preference for lettuce over garlic was significant too（ P〈0.01）. The difference between the preference to cucumber and garlic was significant（ P〈0.05）. Compared with healthy hosts,the types of volatiles from WFT-infested plants were significantly increased,and the main changes were terpenoids and nitrides. For example,N-propyl-benzamide,E-β-ocimene,（ E,E）-α-farnesene were newly produced at relatively high levels in WFT-infested plants. No obvious changes in volatiles were found between healthy and WFT-infested celery and garlic,and the contents of β-myrcene and allyl disulfide were higher in celery. Our results indicated that volatiles had a great change after hosts were infested by thrips,which could provide a basis for further research on attractants and repellents.

关 键 词：西花蓟马 健康植物 虫害植物 选择性 挥发物 

分 类 号：S433[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]