中国不同纬度河口春季浮游动物优势种比较  

Comparison of spring dominant zooplankton species in Chinese estuaries with different latitudes

作　　者：高倩[1] 徐佳奕[1] 徐兆礼[1] 陈佳杰[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国水产科学研究院东海水产研究所,农业部海洋与河口渔业重点开放实验室,上海200090

出　　处：《生态学杂志》2015年第4期1066-1071,共6页Chinese Journal of Ecology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(41176131);海洋公益性行业科研专项(201305027-8)资助

摘　　要：基于2010—2012年春季灌河口、长江口、瓯江口、椒江口、九龙江口和北仑河口等6个典型河口区的海洋调查资料,比较了不同河口区浮游动物优势种的特征以及差异,探究了各河口区优势种构成差异的环境成因。结果表明:中华哲水蚤(Calanus sinicus)是春季各河口最主要的优势种;真刺唇角水蚤(Labidocera euchaeta)是灌河口、长江口和椒江口共有优势种;强壮箭虫(Sagitta crassa)为灌河口特有优势种,河口种虫肢歪水蚤(Tortanus vermiculus)为长江口特有优势种,肥胖箭虫(S.enflata)和鸟喙尖头溞(Penilia avirostris)为北仑河口优势种。从温度适应性上看,各河口春季浮游动物主要以暖温种中华哲水蚤、真刺唇角水蚤等为主,北部灌河口还出现温带种如强壮箭虫,而最南部的北仑河口优势种则出现暖水种——肥胖箭虫和鸟喙尖头溞。就盐度适应而言,各河口区优势种均为广盐种。Based on the investigations in the Guanhe Estuary,Changjiang（ Yangtze River） Estuary,Oujiang Estuary,Jiaojiang Estuary,Jiulongjiang Estuary and Beilun Estuary（ covering 14latitudes） in April or May of 2010 to 2012,the ecological features of dominant species of the zooplankton assembles in each estuary and underlying mechanisms were analyzed. The result indicated that Calanus sinicus was predominant in all the estuaries. Labidocera euchaeta was the dominant species in the Guhe,Changjiang and Jiaojiang estuaries. Sagitta crassa was the dominant species of Guanhe Estuary,and Tortanus vermiculus was only limited to the Changjiang Estuary.Both S. enflata and Penilia avirostris were the dominant species in the Beilun Estuary. The zooplankton communities of the estuaries were dominated by the warm-temperate species in spring.In addition,temperate species such as S. crassa was also the dominant species in the north（ Guanhe Estuary）. Warm water species including S. enflata and P. avirostris were the dominant species in the south（ Beilun Estuary）. All the dominant species are euryhaline.

关 键 词：广盐种 环境成因 温度适应 中华哲水蚤 

分 类 号：Q958.8[生物学—动物学]