以透明脑,观澄明心——斑马鱼神经功能研究进展  

Zebrafish Swimming into Neuroscience Research: A Visible Mind in A Transparent Brain

作　　者：尚春峰[1] 穆宇[1] 杜久林[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院上海生命科学研究院神经科学研究所,中国科学院脑科学卓越创新中心,神经科学国家重点实验室,上海200031

出　　处：《中国科学：生命科学》2015年第3期223-236,共14页Scientia Sinica(Vitae)

基　　金：中国科学院战略性先导科技专项(批准号:XDB02040300);国家重点基础研究发展计划(批准号:2011CBA00400);国家杰出青年科学基金(批准号:31325011);上海市优秀学术带头人项目(批准号:14XD1404100)资助

摘　　要：斑马鱼是一种相对新颖的模式脊椎动物,具有脊椎动物保守的神经系统构造和丰富的行为模式.近年来随着在体电生理、光学成像、遗传工程等方法的建立和完善,幼龄斑马鱼因其脑部透明、结构简单的特点,日益成为从突触、神经元、环路到行为等多层次,在全脑尺度上探究神经系统功能机制的理想动物模型.本文综述了近年来利用斑马鱼在感觉信息处理、运动控制、学习与神经可塑性等方向上所取得的重要研究进展,并对新技术的开发提出了展望.随着研究思路的深化和实验手段的推陈出新,斑马鱼模式动物必将成为探索脑工作原理之利器,为神经科学研究带来更多的突破.Zebrafish is a relatively new vertebrate animal model with a conserved brain architecture and rich repertoire of behaviors. In recent years, we have witnessed the development of multiple approaches tailored for it, including in vivo electrophysiology, in vivo optical imaging and genetic manipulations. Due to the transparency and simplicity of the brain, larval zebrafish has emerged as an ideal model for dissecting brain functions at a whole-brain scale based on a strategy from synapses, neurons, circuitries to behaviors. In this review, we will summarize the recent important progress of sensory information processing, motor control, and learning and neural plasticity in the zebrafish research field, and pose the requirement for developing novel techniques. Zebrafish will become a sharp ＂axe＂ for neuroscience research and bring us more and more surprises in the future.

关 键 词：斑马鱼 神经系统 视觉 嗅觉 行为 学习 电生理 光学成像 

分 类 号：Q42[生物学—神经生物学]