大型地铁换乘车站站台火灾的排烟模式研究  

Smoke exhaust mode for large subway transfer station platform

作　　者：袁建平[1] 李琪[1] 周少东 徐海清 方正[1] 

机构地区：[1]武汉大学土木建筑工程学院,湖北武汉430072 [2]武汉地铁集团有限公司,湖北武汉430030

出　　处：《消防科学与技术》2015年第4期442-445,共4页Fire Science and Technology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(51204123);武汉地铁集团有限公司科研项目(GS-JZ-229;GS-JZ-Z30)

摘　　要：以某大型地铁换乘车站为研究对象,根据车站通风排烟系统的设置情况,将站台火灾排烟模式分为只开启站台排烟风机进行排烟和同时开启站台排烟风机和隧道风机进行排烟2种。选用计算流体力学软件FDS,将火源设置在地下二层站台中部区域,建立地铁车站三维模型,采用大涡模拟方法对站台两种排烟模式的排烟效果进行模拟。对站台内烟气蔓延、能见度和补风风速的分析结果表明:开启车站隧道风机进行辅助排烟可以有效地控制烟气蔓延到站厅,增加了楼扶梯口处的补风风速,达到了更好的防排烟效果。Taking a large subway transfer station as the research object, based on the ventilation system configuration of the sta- tion, two types of fire smoke exhaust mode for the platform were selected, which were the modes with and without operat- ing tunnel exhaust fans. Using the computational fluid dynam- ics software FDS, a 3D model of the subway station was built with a fire located in the middle of the second floor. Large Eddy Simulation model was used to assess the effect of the mechanical smoke exhausting of the fire floor with the above exhaust modes. The analysis of the smoke spread, visibility and stair＇s velocity showed that opening the tunnel fans controlled the smoke spread and descending better and increased the stair＇ s velocity, which was a more effective smoke control mode for the platform.

关 键 词：地铁车站 烟气控制 排烟模式 数值模拟 

分 类 号：X924.4[环境科学与工程—安全科学] TU834.2[建筑科学—供热、供燃气、通风及空调工程]