长距离输水工程停泵水锤的空气罐防护特性  

Research on protective properties of air vessel for pump-stopping water hammer protection of long distance pipelines

作　　者：邓安利[1] 蒋劲[2] 兰刚[2] 范征[2] 刘政[2] 

机构地区：[1]中国地质大学(武汉)环境学院,湖北武汉430074 [2]武汉大学动力与机械学院,湖北武汉430072

出　　处：《武汉大学学报（工学版）》2015年第3期402-406,共5页Engineering Journal of Wuhan University

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目资助(编号:51279145)

摘　　要：针对寒冷地区长距离输水管道户外设置水锤防护措施困难的特点,提出了空气罐方法的水锤防护措施,阐述了空气罐的工作原理,推导了空气罐边界条件的数学模型,结合北方某工程实例,应用特征线法对无防护措施的水锤进行数值模拟,计算了事故停泵后的蒸汽穴的体积,分析了水柱分离再弥合水击形成的过程和原因.对空气罐的防护效果进行数值模拟,分析比较了不同初始气体体积对防护效果的影响.结果表明空气罐能有效消除空化体积抑制事故停泵后管道内剧烈的压力瞬变,是一种有效的水锤防护措施.For long-distance water pipelines in cold regions, setting water hammer protection outdoor is very difficult. In order to protect these pipelines, a method of air vessel as water hammer protection is proposed. The operating principle and mathematical model of air vessel is described and its boundary conditions are derived. Combining a specific case, the unprotected water hammer is simulated with the characteristic line method; the cavity volume is calculated; the process and reason of water column separation and bridge are analyzed. The protective effect of air vessel is simulated and the protective effects of different initial air volumes are analyzed comparatively. The results show that the air vessel can effectively suppress the pressure fluctuations of pumping accident; it is an effective measure to prevent water hammer.

关 键 词：事故停泵 水锤防护 空气罐 特征线法 

分 类 号：TV675[水利工程—水利水电工程]