互穿网络聚合物水凝胶的制备及其吸附研究进展  

Progress in preparation of interpenetrating polymer network hydrogels and their application in adsorption

作　　者：张敏[1] 李碧婵[1] 陈良壁[1] 

机构地区：[1]福建省高校绿色化工技术重点实验室武夷学院生态与资源工程学院,福建武夷山354300

出　　处：《化工进展》2015年第4期1043-1049,1087,共8页Chemical Industry and Engineering Progress

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(51406141);福建省教育厅JK类项目(JK2012055);南平市科技局项目[N2012Z06(6)];国家大学生创新性实验(201210397003)项目

摘　　要：互穿网络聚合物(IPN)水凝胶在分离技术领域具有广泛的应用前景,这些年受到人们广泛关注。本文介绍了聚多糖基(壳聚糖、海藻酸、淀粉和其他聚多糖)、蛋白质基(明胶、胶原蛋白、丝纤蛋白和大豆蛋白)和合成聚合物基(非离子型和离子型)IPN水凝胶的制备方法,主要包括同步-IPN、分步-IPN和半-IPN的制备方法。为了提高聚合物水凝胶的生物相容性、溶胀率和机械强度,采用天然高分子与合成高分子共混制备IPN水凝胶。与单网络水凝胶相比,IPN水凝胶对染料和重金属离子的吸附速率快、吸附容量大。为了达到选择性吸附和提高水凝胶的比表面积,制备离子印迹IPN水凝胶和多孔IPN复合冷冻凝胶,是未来研究高效吸附IPN水凝胶的发展方向之一。Interpenetrating polymer network （IPN） hydrogels have attracted great attention mainly due to their wide applications in separation processes. The recent design concepts of IPN hydrogels, including sequential IPN,simultaneous IPN and semi-IPN,based on polysaccharides （such as chitosan,alginate,starch,and other polysaccharides）,protein （such as gelatin,collagen,silk fibroin and soy protein） and synthetic polymers （ionic and nonionic polymers） are introduced. Moreover, semi-IPN and IPN hydrogels as adsorbent used in separation of dyes and heavy metal ions are reviewed. In order to improve biocompatibility,swelling rate and mechanical properties,synthetic polymers composed of natural polymers are used to fabricate IPN hydrogels. IPN hydrogels are endowed with very fast kinetics and high sorption capacity for sorption of dyes and heavy metal ions compared with single network hydrogels. Future research could be highly efficient IPN hydrogels,such as ion-imprinted IPN hydrogels and macroporous IPN composites cryogels,in improving specific surface area and selective adsorption.

关 键 词：吸附 凝胶 纳米材料 互穿网络聚合物 重金属 

分 类 号：TQ323.4[化学工程—合成树脂塑料工业]