菌渣覆盖对榛子园土壤酶活性及理化性质的影响  

Effects of mulch with mushroom residue on soil enzyme activities and soil physical-chemical property in Corylus orchard

作　　者：张兵[1] 苏淑钗[1] 陈凤[1] 陈志钢[1] 林竹[1] 杨晓辉 

机构地区：[1]北京林业大学林学院省部共建森林培育与保护教育部重点实验室,北京100083 [2]平泉县国有黄土梁子林场,河北平泉067506

出　　处：《经济林研究》2015年第1期33-38,共6页Non-wood Forest Research

基　　金：国家林业局重点项目“榛子良种选育与栽培关键技术研究”(2011-03)

摘　　要：为了合理利用废弃有机资源及了解覆盖菌渣对土壤的改良效果,对比分析了不同覆盖厚度处理下榛子园0-20cm土层土壤酶活性及理化性质的动态变化规律。结果表明：①试验期间,菌渣覆盖10、20、30cm处理土壤蔗糖酶活性分别比对照高3.28%、8.23%、6.10%,过氧化氢酶活性分别比对照高4.56%、19.24%、13.98%,而脲酶活性分别比对照低11.64%、3.81%、18.05%。各处理土壤脲酶活性变化趋势均为先上升后下降,8月达到最大值;各处理土壤过氧化氢酶活性呈现＂V＂型变化趋势,8月达到最低值;而土壤蔗糖酶活性表现出持续下降趋势。②试验期间,菌渣覆盖起到稳定土壤pH值的作用。③菌渣覆盖能够提高土壤有机质含量9.68%-13.05%,提高速效钾含量27.46%-31.47%,提高速效磷含量155.79%-194.82%。菌渣可以被作为覆盖材料来改良土壤,改善土壤环境。In order for rational utilization of organic waste resources and understanding of effects of mulch with mushroom residue on improving soil conditions,the dynamic change rules of enzyme activities and soil physicalchemical properties of Corylus orchard soil at 0-20 cm depth were compared and analyzed under different mulch thickness.The results showed that：① During the test,under mulch thickness of 10,20,30 cm,soil sucrase activities were increase by 3.28%,8.23% and 6.10%,soil catalase activities were increased by 4.56%,19.24% and 13.98%,soil urease activities were increased by 11.64%,3.81% and 18.05%,respectively.In all of the treatments,dynamic change trends of soil urease activity were increased firstly and then decreased,and reached the maximum in August.In all of the treatments,change trends of soil catalase activity showed ＂V＂ type,and reached the minimum in August.In all of the treatments,changes of soil sucrase activities showed the steady decreased trends.② During the test,mulch with mushroom residue could stabilize soil pH value.③ Mulch with mushroom residue could increase soil organic matter content by 9.68%-13.05%,could increase soil available K content by 27.46%-31.47%,and could increase soil available P by 155.79%-194.82%.Mushroom residue could be used as mulch material to improve soil quality and soil environment.

关 键 词：菌渣 土壤酶活性 土壤理化性质 榛子园 

分 类 号：S664.4[农业科学—果树学] S626.2[农业科学—园艺学]