高温少雨期环境因子对油茶果径生长的影响  

Effects of environmental factors on fruit diameter growth in Camellia oleifera at high temperature and less rain period

作　　者：钟飞霞[1] 王瑞辉[1] 廖文婷[1] 李婷[1] 周寅杰[1] 

机构地区：[1]中南林业科技大学经济林培育与保护省部共建教育部重点实验室,湖南长沙410004

出　　处：《经济林研究》2015年第1期50-55,共6页Non-wood Forest Research

基　　金：教育部高校博士点基金项目(20124321110005);湖南省研究生科研创新项目(CX2013B361);北京林业大学森林培育"985"开放平台项目(0001108001);中南林业科技大学研究生科技创新项目(CX2013A03)

摘　　要：为了探讨油茶高产稳产的水分生理生态基础,为油茶水分管理提供科学依据,在高温少雨期,以10年生油茶优良无性系为试验材料,设置无干旱胁迫、轻度干旱胁迫、中度干旱胁迫、重度干旱胁迫、浇后控水和自然状态6种土壤水分处理,观测土壤温度、气象因子和油茶果径生长量,研究环境因子对油茶果径生长的影响。结果表明：试验期（35d）,各处理根据果径生长量由大到小排列,依次为轻度干旱胁迫（9.35mm）、无干旱胁迫（7.78mm）、中度干旱胁迫（3.95mm）、浇后控水（3.82mm）、自然状态（2.96mm）、重度干旱胁迫（0.90mm）。多重比较结果显示,除中度干旱胁迫与浇后控水处理间果径生长量差异不显著外,其它各处理间果径生长量差异显著。试验进行10d后重度干旱胁迫处理的果径出现负增长,20d后浇后控水处理的果径生长减缓,30d后重度干旱胁迫、浇后控水和自然状态处理的叶片出现暂时萎蔫发黄。相关性分析结果表明,果径生长量与土壤含水量、空气相对湿度呈正相关,与空气温度呈负相关。油茶果径生长对土壤水分、空气温度、空气相对湿度反应敏感,轻度干旱胁迫处理即土壤含水量为田间持水量的80%-90%为油茶果实生长最佳土壤含水量。In order to research the moisture physiological and ecological basis of high and stable yield in Camellia oleifera,and provide a scientific basis for water management of C.oleifera forest,six soil moisture treatments were set,soil temperature and meteorological factors were observed,and effects of environmental factors on fruit diameter growth in C.ole ifera were analyzed at high temperature and less rain period,taking ten-year fine C.oleifera clones as materials.The six soil moisture treatments were no drought stress,slight drought stress,moderate drought stress,severe drought stress,water control after watering,and natural state.The results showed that in the test period for 35 days,based on increment of fruit diameter from high to low,the order of the treatments was slight drought stress（9.35mm）,no drought stress（7.78mm）,moderate drought stress（3.95mm）,water control after watering（3.82mm）,natural state（2.96mm）,severe drought stress（0.90mm）.The results of multiple comparisons showed that,except that increment of fruit diameter had no significant differences between moderate drought stress and water control after watering treatments,the differences between the other treatments reached significant levels.A negative increment of fruit diameter appeared after 10 days in the severe drought stress treatment,while growth of fruit diameter slowed down after 20 days in the water control after watering treatment.And in the treatments of severe drought stress,water control after watering and natural state,the leaves turned yellow and temporarily wilted after 30 days.The results of correlation analysis showed that fruit diameter increment was positively correlated with soil moisture content and air relative humidity,and it was negatively correlated with air temperature.Fruit diameter growth in C.oleifera was sensitive to soil moisture,soil temperature and air relative humidity,and the best soil moisture content for fruit diameter growth was 80%-90% of field moisture capacity in the slight water trea

关 键 词：高温少雨期 油茶 果径生长 土壤水分 气象因子 

分 类 号：S601[农业科学—园艺学] S794.4