亭南煤矿深部软岩巷道底鼓“四控”机理及应用  

Mechanics and application of four floor heave control technology of deep soft rock roadway in Tingnan coal mine

作　　者：杨军[1] 石海洋[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国矿业大学(北京)深部岩土力学与地下工程国家重点实验室,力学与建筑工程学院,北京100083

出　　处：《采矿与安全工程学报》2015年第2期247-252,共6页Journal of Mining & Safety Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(51304210);教育部高等学校博士学科点专项科研基金项目

摘　　要：针对亭南煤矿深部软岩巷道底鼓大变形现象进行深入研究,综合采用现场工程地质调查、物化分析、数值模拟计算、现场测试等方法,分析得出西翼轨道巷道底鼓的复合型变形力学机制,提出采用"四控一措施"新技术将复合型变形力学机制转化为单一型变形力学机制,即将顶板、两帮、底角和底板四部位看作是相互联系的整体,综合控制各部位变形,并结合防治水措施,达到有效控制底鼓的目的。"四控"是指:在顶板施加锚杆并在关键部位施加锚索,有效降低来自顶板并传递至底板上的应力;通过施加底角锚杆,利用材料自身抗弯刚度,切断底板基角塑性滑移线;帮部打入锚杆,增强帮部岩体强度,减小发生底鼓底板宽度;施加反底拱对底板作用均匀一致的支护反力,形成封闭的支护体系。"一措施"是指:及时设置排水沟,避免排水不畅积水浸入底板造成膨胀性底鼓;对顶板及两帮围岩做喷浆处理切断裂隙水路径;巷道挖底后立即铺设干石灰粉垫层封闭底板围岩。工程实践表明,该项新技术在亭南矿有效地控制了软岩巷道底鼓变形。In response to the floor heave with large deformation of roadway in deep soft rock in Tingnan coal mine, an in-depth study has been done in this paper based on the methods of geological survey, physicochemical test, numerical calculation, in-situ test. The complex deformation mechanism in the west pathway floor heave has been analyzed, and a new technology called ＂four control and one measure＂ to transform from the complex deformation mechanism to a simple one has been proposed. In the technology, the roof, two sides, base angle, and floor of the roadway are related to each other as a whole to control the deformation of each position and attain the goal of controlling the floor heave with water control measure. The ＂four control＂ includes four countermeasures. First, the anchor bolt is added to the roof and the anchor cable is added to the key position to reduce the stress acting on the floor from the roof. Second, the base angle bolt is used to cut off the plastic slip line of the floor base angle with its own flexural stiffness of the material. Third, the bolts are embedded into the two sides of the roadway to enhance the strength of rock and decrease the width of floor heave. Fourth, the counter-force acting on the inverted arch floor is exerted to bring uniform support and form a closed supporting system. The ＂one control＂ includes constructing the drainage in time to avoid the ponding immerging the floor to form floor heave, guniting on the roof and sides to cut off the path of fissure water, and spreading dry lime powder after cutting bottom to close the surrounding rocks of floor. Engineering practice shows that this new technology has effectively controlled the floor heave of soft rock roadway in Tingnan coal mine.

关 键 词：底鼓 反底拱 防治水措施 数值模拟 

分 类 号：TD353[矿业工程—矿井建设]