超支化缔合聚合物的制备及驱油性能  

Preparation of Hyperbranched Association Polyacrylamide and Its Oil Displacement Properties

作　　者：刘锐[1,2] 蒲万芬[1,2] 彭欢[2] 赵田红[3] 尚晓培 

机构地区：[1]西南石油大学石油与天然气工程学院,四川成都610500 [2]"油气藏地质及开发工程"国家重点实验室.西南石油大学,四川成都610500 [3]西南石油大学化学化工学院,四川成都610500

出　　处：《西南石油大学学报（自然科学版）》2015年第2期145-152,共8页Journal of Southwest Petroleum University(Science & Technology Edition)

基　　金："油气藏地质及开发工程"国家重点实验室开放基金(PLN1417)

摘　　要：针对油田用聚合物的分子主链是线性结构,其耐温抗盐及抗剪切性能不理想,开展了新型聚合物的制备及性能研究。制备了超支化水溶性缔合聚合物(HPAPAM),结构经红外光谱(IR)和核磁共振氢谱(1H NMR)表征证实。HPAPAM在极稀释浓度区,分子内缔合明显,表观黏度低,随着浓度的增加,分子内缔合逐步转为分子间缔合,增黏性能提高。与一般缔合聚合物相比,HPAPAM在吴茵搅拌器(5档,67 s-1)剪切1 min后的黏度最终恢复率达95%;受大分子的超支化效应的影响,HPAPAM在整个剪切速率范围内表现出幂律流体性质。超支化的分子结构增强分子间的缔合能力,在总矿化度62 000 mg/L,75,80?C条件下老化60 d的黏度保留率分别为89%和60%。岩芯驱替实验表明水驱至含水率98%后,与原油黏度相当的0.5 PV聚合物段塞及后续水驱提高17.5%的原油采收率。研究为油田用新型聚合物提供了新的认识和选择。On account of the polymer′s molecule main chain,which is linear structure,and its poor thermal-salt resistance and dissatisfied character under shearing stress of polymers which are used in enhanced oil recovery,we carried out the new polymer′s preparation and the study of the performance. The hyperbranched water-soluble association polyacrylamide（HPAPAM）was prepared. HPAPAM structure is confirmed by Fourier transform-infrared（IR）spectroscopy and H nuclear magnetic resonance（1H NMR）spectroscopy,respectively. In the extra-dilute regime,the intra-molecular association occurred,the apparent viscosity is low. With the increase of polymer concentration,the intra-molecular association gradually transferred to the intermolecular association,which enhanced viscosity efficiency. Compared with conventional associative polyacrylamide,the ultimate viscosity recovery is approximate 95% of original value after suffering super high shear force of mechanical stirrer（67 s^-1）for a period of 1 minute. For HPAPAM solution,the classical power-law fluid was exhibited in the whole range of shear rates. Moreover,intermolecular association was enhanced by hyperbranched structure of polymer chains,resulting in excellent thermal tolerance and salinity resistant. For instance,the viscosity of polymer solutions with 62 000 mg/L salt concentration,is respectively 89% and 60% of initial values after 60 days aging at the temperature of 75ic and 80？C. After98% water cut of water flooding,0.5 PV polymer agent whose viscosity is equal to crude oil and followed by water flooding can improve 17.5% OOIP recovery. It provides a new understanding on the selection of polymer used in EOR applications.

关 键 词：超支化缔合聚合物 抗剪切 流变性 耐温抗盐 提高采收率 

分 类 号：TE357[石油与天然气工程—油气田开发工程]