洞庭湖洲滩杨树人工林对钉螺孳生的影响  

Effect of poplar artificial forests on habitats of Oncomelania in Dongting lake

作　　者：李永进[1] 汤玉喜[1] 唐洁[1] 吴敏[1] 杨艳[1] 

机构地区：[1]湖南省林业科学院,湖南长沙410004

出　　处：《中南林业科技大学学报》2015年第3期48-52,共5页Journal of Central South University of Forestry & Technology

基　　金：国家科技支撑计划项目"不同类型区血防林构建技术试验示范"(2011BAD38B070501)

摘　　要：为探讨修枝强度、林农间种、异龄林等因素对洞庭湖洲滩钉螺孳生的影响,对拐棍洲有螺滩地杨树人工林的螺情分布进行了长期定点调查。结果表明:4年生杨树林,修枝次年林分内的活螺框出现率、活螺密度均低于修枝当年,其中1/3修枝强度次年林分活螺框出现率、活螺密度较修枝当年分别降低了68.00%和80.80%。林农间种的杨树林较翻耕不种和不耕不种的杨树林抑螺效应显著,翻耕而不间种的杨树林,活螺框出现率与不耕不种的1年生杨树林一样,但活螺密度却较不耕不种下降了47.20%。异龄林营造后,活螺密度大致呈下降趋势,营造后的第2、3、4年时活螺框出现率、活螺密度分布较营造当年下降73.33%、50.00%、77.67%和75.96%、43.94%、83.85%。林分郁闭后,全面翻垦的林分活螺框出现率、活螺密度均比不翻垦的林分低直至趋于零。除了高程(32.64m)较高的林分外,其他高程全耕不种林分内活螺框出现率、活螺密度均低于全垦间种。To discuss the influences of the factors such as pruning intensity, forest and agriculture intercropping, uneven-aged forest on Oncomelania hupensis in Dongting lake marshland and beaches, the long-term fixed-point investigations on O. hupensis distribution in Guaigun beach were carried out. The results show that the occurrence rate of live snail and the snail density in 4-year-old poplar forest, pruned forest in the next year were lower than that of pruned forest in the current year, the occurrence rate and the snail density of 1/3 pruned forests in the next year decreased by 68.00% and 80.80% than those in the current year respectively; The inhibition to O. hupensisof poplar forest in the mode of forest and agriculture intercropping was more remarkable than those of cultivated and uncultivated poplar forests, although the occurrence rate about live snail in cultivated poplar forest is the same as the rate in uncultivated annual poplar forest, the snail density is down by 47.20%; The snail density was roughly on a decline after planting uneven-aged forest, after the second, the third, the fourth years, the occurrence rates about live snail decreased by 73.33%, 50.00%, 77.67%, and the snail density decreased by 75.96%, 43.94%, 83.85% than the one in the first year; After the trees were full grown and leafed out, the occurrence rate about live snail and density in cultivated forest were both lower than the ones in uncultivated forest, the data was close to zero; The occurrence rate about live snail and density in other cultivated forest were both lower than the ones in the inter-species forest, except the forest at an elevation of 32.64 meters.

关 键 词：杨树人工林 钉螺 洞庭湖洲滩 抑螺效应 修枝强度 异龄林 林农复合经营 

分 类 号：S792.11[农业科学—林木遗传育种]