砧木类型及菌根化对板栗嫁接苗生长及光合特性的影响  

Effects of rootstock types and mycorrhizal treatment on growth and photosynthetic characteristics of Castanea mollissima Bl. in grafting process

作　　者：秦天天[1] 郭素娟[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京林业大学省部共建森林培育与保护教育部重点实验室,北京100083

出　　处：《中南林业科技大学学报》2015年第3期64-68,共5页Journal of Central South University of Forestry & Technology

基　　金：国家林业公益性行业科研专项重大项目"板栗产业链环境友好丰产关键技术研究与示范"(201204401);"十二五"科技支撑专题"北方板栗高效生产关键技术研究与示范"(2013BAD14B0402)

摘　　要：以河北省迁西县板栗品种‘燕山早丰’为试验材料,芽苗和1 a苗为砧木,进行单砧和双砧嫁接试验,研究了不同砧木类型对嫁接成活的影响、菌根化处理对不同砧木类型嫁接苗新梢生长、生物量、SPAD值及光合特性的影响。结果表明:(1)1 a幼砧嫁接成活率高达91.1%,愈合快,显著优于芽砧嫁接,但双芽砧显著优于单芽砧嫁接。(2)双芽砧嫁接苗新梢生长量与SPAD值最大,生物量亦与1 a砧嫁接苗相当。(3)菌根化处理后三种砧木类型嫁接苗的形态指标均有提高。(4)不同处理净光合速率差异显著,以菌根化双芽砧嫁接苗(24.86μmol·m-2s-1)最大。(5)芽砧嫁接苗水分利用效率RWUE显著高于1 a砧嫁接苗,菌根化嫁接苗水分利用效率显著高于无菌根嫁接苗。By taking Castanea mollissima BL. as studying materials, the effects of rootstock types and mycorrhizal treatment on survival rate, average germination time, shoot growth, biomass, net photosynthetic rate（Pn） and SPAD value were researched. The results indicate that（1） one-year-old rootstock was the best rootstock type, healed fast and had higher survival rate（91.1%） than others, so it was significantly better than bud grafting; while double-rootstock grafted bud seedlings were significantly better than single-rootstock grafted bud seedlings.（2） Double-rootstock grafted bud seedlings had maximum values in shoot growth and SPAD,and their biomass were equal to grafted one-year-old grafted rootstock seedlings.（3）Mycorrhizal treatments improved the morphological indexes of three rootstock types of grafted seedlings.（4）Different treatments of grafted seedlings had significantly differences in Pn, mycorrhizal doublerootstock grafred bud seedlings had maximum value（24.86 μmol·m^-2s^-1）.（5）The RWUE of grafted bud seedlings were significantly higher than grafted one-year-old seedlings, and mycorrhizal seedlings＇ RWUE was higher than non-mycorrhizal seedlings.

关 键 词：板栗 嫁接苗 砧木 菌根化 光合特性 

分 类 号：S718.43[农业科学—林学]