桃红岭国家级自然保护区梅花鹿和野猪秋季生境选择差异  

A Comparison of Autumn Habitat Selection of Cervus nippon and Sus scrofa in Taohongling National Nature Reserve,China

作　　者：李佳[1] 李言阔[1] 缪泸君[1] 谢光勇[1] 袁芳凯[1] 

机构地区：[1]江西师范大学生命科学学院,南昌330022

出　　处：《四川动物》2015年第2期300-305,共6页Sichuan Journal of Zoology

基　　金：国家自然基金项目(No.31000196);国家级自然保护区生态环境十年变化调查与评估项目(环保重大专项;No.STSN-7)

摘　　要：于2012年10—12月在桃红岭国家级自然保护区采用随机样方法调查了梅花鹿和野猪的生境选择。结果表明:梅花鹿秋季频繁在高海拔(365.5 m±141.7 m)、坡度平缓(17.80°±12.68°)、阳坡、上坡位空间活动,选择高度为0.81 m±0.36 m的灌丛或草丛,灌木高度较高(4.70 m±1.68 m)、密度较小(7.56棵±4.55棵)的生境活动,对乔木直径、郁闭度和覆盖度3个生态因子表现为随机选择;野猪则选择灌林木生境,对其余的生态因子表现为随机选择。逐步判别分析结果显示,坡度、海拔和灌木密度3个变量导致了梅花鹿与野猪之间的生境分离(Wilk'sλ=0.801,x2=24.89,df=3,P<0.001),判别函数方程:F=0.653×坡度-0.546×海拔+0.840×灌木密度+0.144,正确判别率达82.4%。The systematic sampling methods were used to study the autumn habitat selection characteristics of sika deer （Cervus nippon） and wild boars （Sus scrofa） in Taohongling National Nature Reserve from October to December in 2012. The results suggested that sika deer preferred grass and bush, shorter undergrowth （0.81 m ± 0.36 m）, higher shrub height （4.70 m ±1.68 m）, lower shrub density （7.56 ind±4.55 ind. ）, higher altitude （365.5 m±141.7 m）, gentle slopes （ 17.80° ±2.68°）, sunny slope and upper location, but randomly chose tree diameter, canopy cover and undergrowth coverage. Wild boars selected shrub, with no specific selection on other variables. Stepwise discriminate function analysis showed that the three variables of slope degree, altitude and shrub density significantly contributed to habitat separation between sika deer and wild boars （Wilk＇s A = 0. 801, Z2 = 24.89, df= 3, P=0. 000） ; the discriminated equation was F = 0. 653 x slope -0. 546 x altitude ＋ 0. 840 x shrub density ＋ 0. 144, with predicted accuracy of 82.4%.

关 键 词：梅花鹿 野猪 生境选择 桃红岭国家级自然保护区 

分 类 号：Q958.1[生物学—动物学]