青年与中老年急性心肌梗死的特点分析  

Analysis of the Characteristics for the Young and the Elderly Patients with Acute Myocardial Infarction

作　　者：刘芳[1] 王立中[1] 马彩云[1] 李远征[1] 姜阳[1] 董鹏[1] 任凤学[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国医科大学航空总医院心内二科,北京100012

出　　处：《中国医药导刊》2015年第3期248-249,共2页Chinese Journal of Medicinal Guide

摘　　要：目的:探讨青年与中老年急性心肌梗死(AMI)的特点。方法:入选我院心内科住院患者中AMI并行冠状动脉造影(CAG)检查的患者169例,分为青年组52例和中老年组117例,对AMI危险因素和CAG结果等比较分析。结果:1危险因素:青年组中男性、吸烟史、家族史、过度疲劳状态为主要危险因素,中老年组糖尿病史、高血压病史为主要危险因素,两组比较有统计学意义(P<0.05或P<0.01)。2冠脉造影结果:青年组以单支病变为主,再通率高,中老年组双支、三支病变为主,部分合并左主干病变,两组比较有统计学意义(P<0.01)。3梗死相关血管(IRA):青年组前降支高于中老年组,而回旋支、右冠状动脉低于中老年组,两组比较有统计学意义(P<0.01)。4侧枝循环、胚胎r及EF:青年组出现侧枝循环、心脏彩超射血分数(EF)<50%者均少于老年组,心电图出现胚胎r多于老年组,两组比较有统计学意义(P<0.01)。结论:青年和中老年发病主要危险因素明显不同;临床及CAG结果提示中老年AMI患者较青年患者病变更复杂,危险程度更大。Objective： To explore the young and the elderly patients with acute myocardial infarction（AMI） characteristics.Methods：169 patients with AMI in coronary angiography（CAG） examination were selected in our hospital department of Cardiology, 52 cases were divided into youth group and 117 cases into elderly group, comparative analysis were adopted in risk factors about AMI and CAG results.Results：①He risk factors： male, smoking history, family history and excessive fatigue status were major in the youth group,at the same time in elderly group, history of diabetes, hypertension were the main risk factors, the two groups had statistical signiifcance （P〈0.05 orP〈0.01）.②The coronary angiography： single branch lesion in the youth group has high incidence and high recanalization rate,but in the elderly group two and three branch lesions were often seen, with part of left main stenosis, two groups was statistically signiifcant （P〈0.01）.③The infarction related artery （IRA）：Patients with anterior descending were more in the youth group than in the elderly group, but about the circumlfex branch and right coronary artery were opposite, there is statistical signiifcance in the two groups（P〈0.01）.④The embryonic,EF and collateral circulation：The collateral circulation and EF〈50% in the youth group were less than those in the elderly group, ECG embryonic r were more than those in the elderly group, the two groups had statistical signiifcance（P〈0.01）.Conclusion：The main risk factors in young and elderly patients were signiifcantly different; the CAG and clinical results suggest that there be more complex lesion and dangerous event in elderly patients than those in young patients with AMI.

关 键 词：青年 中老年 急性心肌梗死 危险因素 冠状动脉造影 

分 类 号：R542.22[医药卫生—心血管疾病]