注意缺陷多动障碍儿童的智力特征  

The study on intelligence structure of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder in children

作　　者：陈伊莉[1] 张颖[1] 周永海[1] 留佩宁[1] 

机构地区：[1]温州医科大学附属第二医院育英儿童医院儿童保健科,浙江温州325027

出　　处：《温州医学院学报》2015年第3期201-204,共4页Journal of Wenzhou Medical College

摘　　要：目的:探讨注意缺陷多动障碍(ADHD)儿童的智力水平、智力结构及平衡性,为ADHD儿童的临床诊断和治疗提供参考。方法:自2008年1月-2011年9月期间收集初次来我院心理行为门诊就诊疑似ADHD儿童215例,由专业医生按照DSM-IV标准对儿童进行诊断。对其中80例ADHD儿童(ADHD组)及30例正常对照儿童(正常对照组)用韦氏儿童智力表(WISC-CR)进行智力测定,并对智力测定的结果进行分析比较。结果:ADHD儿童智商多在正常范围或处于边缘水平。ADHD组儿童的智力水平、总智商(FIQ)、言语智商(VIQ)均明显低于正常对照组,2组比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。操作智商(PIQ)2组比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。在各项分测验中,常识(I)、类同(S)、算术(A)、数字广度(D)4项分测验2组比较差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。PIQ与VIQ不平衡发生率高于正常对照组(P<0.05),提示ADHD儿童存在智力结构发展的不平衡。女性ADHD儿童常识(I)、排列(PA)、积木(BD)量表分明显落后于男性ADHD儿童(P<0.05),且PIQ、FIQ也低于男性ADHD儿童(P<0.05)。结论:ADHD儿童存在智力受损,且ADHD女性儿童智力明显落后于男性儿童。Objective： To study the intelligence level, intelligence structure and its balance of different attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder in children, offer advice for clinical diagnosis and treatment. Methods：From January 2008 to Septmber 2011, 215 inattentive or hyperactivity children considered by their parents or teachers were compared. All children received DSM-IV diagnosis. Determine the intelligence in 80 ADHD group and in 30 normal grout using Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children（WISC-CR） and make a comparison of the results between two groups. Results： The IQ of children with ADHD was normal or sub-normal. Intelligence level, full intelligence quotient（FIQ）, verbal intelligence quotient（VIQ） and of ADHD children were lower than those of the normal children. The difference was statistical significance（P〈0.01）. But there were no significant differences in performance intelligence quotient（PIQ） between the two groups. In the subtests, the four subtests scores of information, similarities, arithmetic and digit apan had statistical significance（P〈0.05）. The un-balance between VIQ and PIQ incidence rate of ADHD was higher than normal（P〈0.05）. It suggested that the development of intelligence structure of ADHD children was imbalanced. The girls＇ subscale scores of the information, picture arrangement and block design were much lower than boys＇（P〈0.05）. PIQ and FIQ of girls with ADHD were lower than that of boys＇（P〈0.05）. Conclusion： Children with ADHD having intelligence deficit are an impersonal fact. The ADHD girls＇ IQ is significantly lower than ADHD boys＇.

关 键 词：注意缺陷多动障碍 儿童 智力 

分 类 号：R174[医药卫生—妇幼卫生保健]