北齐墓葬文化格局论  

On Funeral Culture Pattern of The Northern Qi Dynasty

作　　者：倪润安[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京大学中国考古学研究中心

出　　处：《故宫博物院院刊》2015年第2期49-72,158,共24页Palace Museum Journal

基　　金：2013年度教育部人文社会科学重点研究基地重大项目<中古时期丧葬的观念风俗与礼仪制度>的阶段性成果之一;项目批准号:13JJD780001

摘　　要：随着北魏的分裂,北朝墓葬文化格局再次发生变化,奠定了此后隋唐文化的发展趋势,其中东魏-北齐所起的作用更显重要。东魏都城邺城的墓葬形制和随葬品种类与组合延续着北魏末期洛阳地区的基本特征,墓葬壁画则突破北魏中、晚期墓葬所遵循的"晋制"的束缚,开创了新的范式。不过,都城地区的文化辐射强度偏弱。至北齐时期,新的墓葬文化格局趋于定型。北齐霸府晋阳与都城邺城形成"双核"体制,呈现出一体两面、文武兼备的互动关系,都城地区墓葬文化的影响力明显增强。但是,北齐东方地区的汉人士族墓葬在文化上存在着较多与邺城、晋阳不一致的异动,尤以青齐地区最突出。北齐灭亡后,其文化残局从正、负两个方面深刻影响了隋唐社会制度与历史走向。As the result of disrupt of the Northern Wei Dynasty, changes of funeral culture pattern took place once more in the Northern Dynasties and finally established the basis for the development of the Sui and Tang cultures, during which The Eastern Wei and Northern Qi played a major role in pushing forward the cultural reform. For instance, Yecheng, the capital of The Eastern Wei, followed the layout of tombs and arrangement of burial objects popular around Luoyang area of the late Northern Wei period, but created a new pattern for tomb chamber murals to take the place of the traditional Jin System of the mid-and-late Northern Wei period though it couldn't spread the reformed culture to extensive areas. It was not until the Northern Qi dynasty that the new pattern of funeral culture was well completed. Both Jinyang, the capital of The Northern Qi dynasty, and Yecheng, the capital of The Eastern Wei dynasty, worked together to form a dual-core system which greatly upgraded the influence of funeral culture from the capital cities over other places. However, the burial culture changes of the Han powerful families who resided in east Northern Qi, especially in Qingzhou and Qizhou areas much differed from what happened in the capitals of Yecheng and Jinyang. The Northern Qi ended, but it consequently left positive and negative impacts with the legacy of culture upon the social system and history development of the subsequent Sui and Tang dynasties anyway.

关 键 词：北齐 墓葬文化格局 双核体制 东方异动 正负影响 

分 类 号：K878.8[历史地理—考古学及博物馆学]