以PHBV为固相碳源同时去除地下水中硝酸盐氮和对氯苯酚的试验研究  

Simultaneous Removal of Nitrates and P-chlorophenol Using PHBV As Solid Phase Carbon Source

作　　者：赵兰[1] 王婷[1] 吴为中[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京大学环境科学与工程学院,北京100871

出　　处：《生态环境学报》2015年第2期300-304,共5页Ecology and Environmental Sciences

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(51378021;50978001);国家重大水专项(2012ZX07102002)

摘　　要：化肥和农药的施用导致中国的地下水中硝酸盐氮和农药污染同时存在,并成为威胁人体健康的重要因素之一。其中氯酚类物质是一类常见的农药,具有高毒性和难降解性。目前,关于固相反硝化用于硝酸盐氮和对氯苯酚同时去除的研究较少,并且对微生物群落结构演变情况的分析还鲜见报道。论文以聚羟基丁酸戊酸共聚酯(PHBV)为反硝化固体碳源,通过序批试验研究同步去除硝酸盐氮和对氯苯酚的效果,并探讨对氯苯酚的加入对反硝化速率的影响;利用末端限制性长度多态性分析(T-RFLP)技术,使用Alu I酶切总细菌16S r RNA,研究对氯苯酚的存在对微生物群落的影响。结果表明,(1)在50 mg·L-1的硝酸盐氮(NO3--N)的浓度水平下,对氯苯酚(4-CP)的加入前后,硝酸盐氮(NO3--N)的去除率为(97.5±1.2)%和(95.3±1.7)%,总体上使去除效果略有降低;在10 mg·L-1的质量浓度水平下,对氯苯酚24 h的平均去除率为45.4%,其去除85.5%是由于微生物的降解作用引起的。(2)从对氯苯酚的加入到第45天的时间内,反硝化速率表现为先下降后上升,说明对反硝化速率起到先抑制后促进的作用。(3)在对氯苯酚加入前后45 d内,系统微生物群落结构发生明显的变化,趋向于多样化和均匀化。The co-existence of nitrate and pesticide in groundwater resulting from excessive application of fertilizers and pesticides has become one of potential health threats in China. Batch tests using PHBV as solid carbon source were conducted to simultaneously remove nitrate and p-chlorophenol and to further investigate the effect of p-chlorophenol on denitrification and microbial community. Results indicated that at 50 mg·L-1 of NO3--N, addition of p-chlorophenol would lower overall removal of nitrate while improve denitrification rate after initial inhibition. At 10 mg·L-1 of p-chlorophenol,averageremoval mainly due to biodegradation was found to be 45.4% over 24 hours and corresponding microbial community structure tended to diversity and evenness.

关 键 词：对氯苯酚 硝酸盐氮 固相反硝化 T-RFLP 

分 类 号：X523[环境科学与工程—环境工程]