基于不同年龄的自适应儿童乘员约束系统参数优化研究  

Research on the Optimization of Intelligent Child Restraint Systems Based on Children of Different Ages

作　　者：白中浩[1] 陈亚枫[1] 程胜华[2] 王玉龙[1] 

机构地区：[1]湖南大学汽车车身先进设计制造国家重点实验室,长沙410082 [2]泛亚汽车技术中心有限公司,上海201201

出　　处：《机械工程学报》2015年第6期118-125,共8页Journal of Mechanical Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(51105137;51475153)

摘　　要：针对单一碰撞工况匹配的儿童乘员约束系统不能保证在其他碰撞工况下儿童乘员的保护,而且极易造成更大的伤害。基于内置式自适应儿童约束系统的参数可调的特征,选取坐垫高度、坐垫长度、安全带限力值为优化变量,以儿童综合伤害评价值I及颈部损伤临界值Nkm为优化目标,采用多项式回归近似模型和非支配遗传优化算法(Non-dominated sorting genetic algorithm II,NSGA-Ⅱ)相结合的方法,分别对3、6、10岁儿童假人在法规GB 27887规定的正面碰撞和追尾碰撞工况下进行多目标优化计算。优化结果表明,在优化设计点,3个年龄段的儿童假人在两种碰撞工况下都能获得较好的保护。基于文中3个年龄段假人的优化设计点,拟合出优化变量与儿童身高和体重的相关关系模型,从而对不同身高和体重的儿童乘员都能达到很好的保护效果。Child restraint systems designed to match child occupant only under one collision condition can’t provide effective protection for children under other collision condition. An adaptive child restraint system, which characteristic parameters are adjustable, is used to analyze the optimum parameters of restraint system for child occupants at different ages. The seat height, the cushion length and the force limiter value of the seat belt are chosen as optimization variables, and children’s comprehensive damage evaluation I and neck injury thresholdNkm are chosen as optimization objectives. The methods of approximate model of polynomial regression and non-dominated sorting genetic algorithm II are combined to conduct, multi-objective optimization for 3, 6, 10 years old child dummy respectively in both the front impact and rear impact according to GB 27887. The results show that the optimized parameters of restraint system can provide a better protection for children of the three age group in the two collision conditions. The correlation model between optimum parameters and child’s height and weight is fitted based on optimization design points of the three age groups. Therefore, good protection effect can be achieved to children with different height and weight.

关 键 词：多碰撞工况 自适应儿童约束系统 非支配遗传算法 多目标优化 

分 类 号：U461[机械工程—车辆工程]