锌对1～4周龄鹅生长性能、免疫与抗氧化功能及金属硫蛋白-ⅠmRNA表达量的影响  

Effects of Dietary Zinc Level on Growth Performance,Immune and Antioxidant Capacity and Metallothionein-Ⅰ mRNA Expression of Geese Aged from 1 to 4 Weeks

作　　者：王宝维[1,2] 陈苗璐[2] 王秉翰[3] 张名爱[1,2] 葛文华[1,2] 岳斌[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]国家水禽产业技术体系营养与饲料研究室,青岛266109 [2]青岛农业大学优质水禽研究所,青岛266109 [3]林肯大学

出　　处：《动物营养学报》2015年第4期1076-1085,共10页CHINESE JOURNAL OF ANIMAL NUTRITION

基　　金：国家水禽产业技术体系专项基金(CARS-43-11)

摘　　要：本试验旨在研究锌对1～4周龄鹅生长性能、免疫与抗氧化功能及金属硫蛋白－Ⅰ（ MT-Ⅰ） mRNA表达量的影响，以确定鹅饲粮中锌的适宜需要量。试验选用1日龄青农灰鹅360只，随机分为6个组，每组6个重复，每个重复10只。各组（Ⅰ～Ⅵ组）饲粮锌水平分别为31．28、81．28、131．28、181．28、231．28、281．28 mg／kg（含基础饲粮中锌含量）。试验期28 d。结果表明：1）饲粮锌水平为112．51 mg／kg时平均日增重最大，饲粮锌水平为106．05 mg／kg时料重比最低。2）器官指数均随饲粮锌水平的升高呈现先升高后降低趋势，Ⅱ组胸腺指数极显著高于Ⅰ组（ P＜0．01），Ⅱ、Ⅲ组脾脏指数极显著高于Ⅰ组（ P＜0．01）。3）免疫后7 d，Ⅳ组抗体效价显著高于Ⅰ组（ P＜0．05）；免疫后14 d，Ⅲ、Ⅳ组抗体效价显著高于Ⅰ组（ P＜0．05）。4）除Ⅳ组肝脏总抗氧化能力（ T-AOC）外，Ⅲ、Ⅳ组血清和肝脏T-AOC及过氧化氢酶（ CAT）、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶（GSH-Px）、铜锌超氧化物歧化酶（CuZn-SOD）活性显著或极显著高于Ⅰ组（P＜0．05或 P＜0．01）；Ⅲ组丙二醛（ MDA）含量最低。5）Ⅱ、Ⅲ、Ⅳ组肝脏中MT-Ⅰ mRNA表达量显著或极显著高于Ⅰ组（P＜0．05或P＜0．01）。6）机体MT-Ⅰ mRNA表达量与抗氧化能力指标密切相关。由此可见，饲粮适宜锌水平能够提高鹅生长性能、免疫与抗氧化功能和MT-Ⅰ mRNA的表达量。高位免疫与抗氧化力状态下，锌的需要量要比最佳生长性能状态下锌的需要量高。This experiment was conducted to study the effects of dietary zinc level on growth performance, im-mune and antioxidant capacity and metallothionein-Ⅰ （ MT-Ⅰ） mRNA expression of geese aged from 1 to 4 weeks, and to determine the optimal dietary level of zinc. A total of 360 one-day-old Qingnonghui geese were randomly divided into 6 groups with 6 replicates per group and 10 geese （ half male and half female） per repli-cate. The dietary zinc levels in each group were 31.28 （ group Ⅰ） , 81.28 （ group Ⅱ） , 131.28 （ group Ⅲ） , 181.28 （ group Ⅳ） , 231.28 （ groupⅤ） and 281.28 （ groupⅥ） mg/kg, respectively. The experiment lasted for 28 days. The results showed as follows：1） when dietary zinc level was 112.51 mg/kg, the average daily gain was the highest; while when dietary zinc level was 106.05 mg/kg, the ratio of feed to gain was the low-est. 2） With the increasing of dietary zinc level, the organ indices firstly increased, and then followed by a downward trend, the thymus index in group Ⅱ was significantly higher than that in group Ⅰ （ P〈0.01） , the spleen index in groups Ⅱ and Ⅲ was significantly higher than that in group Ⅰ （ P〈0.01） . 3） At 7 days after the immunization, the antibody titer in group Ⅳ was significantly higher than that in group Ⅰ （ P〈0.05）; at 14 days after the immunization, the antibody titer in groups Ⅲ and Ⅳ was significantly higher than that in groupⅠ（ P〈0.05） . 4） Except the liver total antioxidant capacity （ T-AOC） in groupⅣ, the T-AOC and the activities of catalase （ CAT） , glutathione peroxidase （ GSH-Px） , copper zinc superoxide dismutase （ CuZn-SOD） in groupsⅢ andⅣ were significantly higher than those in groupⅠ （ P〈0.05 or P〈0.01） , the malon-aldehyde （ MDA） content in groupⅢwas the lowest. 5） The liver MT-ⅠmRNA expression in groupsⅡ,Ⅲand Ⅳ was significantly higher than that of groupⅠ （ P〈0.05 or P〈0.01） . 6） The MT-Ⅰ mRNA express

关 键 词：锌 鹅 生长性能 免疫 抗氧化 金属硫蛋白-Ⅰ 

分 类 号：S835[农业科学—畜牧学]