饲粮物理有效中性洗涤纤维水平对8～10月龄奶牛瘤胃发酵参数和纤维降解菌的影响  

Effects of Dietary Physically Effective Neutral Detergent Fiber Level on Rumen Fermentation Parameters and Cellulolytic Bacteria of 8 to 10-Month-Old Heifers

作　　者：陈青[1] 王洪荣[1] 葛汝方 崔慧慧[1] 王梦芝[1] 喻礼怀[1] 林淼[1] 

机构地区：[1]扬州大学动物科学与技术学院,扬州225009

出　　处：《动物营养学报》2015年第4期1243-1251,共9页CHINESE JOURNAL OF ANIMAL NUTRITION

基　　金：国家"十二五"科技支撑项目(2012BAD12B02-2);江苏高校优势学科建设工程资助项目(PAPD)

摘　　要：本文旨在研究不同物理有效中性洗涤纤维（ peNDF）水平饲粮对8～10月龄奶牛采食量、瘤胃发酵参数和纤维降解菌的影响。选取24头月龄和体重相近的健康中国荷斯坦奶牛后备奶牛，随机分为4组，每组6个重复，每个重复1头。通过改变饲粮中粗料羊草的长度来改变peNDF水平。采用单因子试验设计，分别饲喂peNDF1．18实测水平为22．73％、23．92％、25．85％和28．39％的4种饲粮，预试期10 d，正试期60 d。结果显示：1） peNDF水平对各组干物质（ DM）、中性洗涤纤维（ NDF）和酸性洗涤纤维（ ADF）采食量均无显著影响（ P＞0．05）。2）瘤胃液pH随着peNDF水平的增加而增加，22．73％组极显著低于其他3组（ P＜0．01）；peNDF水平对总挥发性脂肪酸浓度、乙酸和丁酸含量的影响不显著（ P＞0．05）；丙酸含量总体上随着peNDF水平的增加而降低，22．73％组极显著高于23．92％组（ P＜0．01）、显著高于28．39％组（ P＜0．05）；23．92％组的乙酸／丙酸极显著高于22．73％组（P＜0．01）、显著高于25．85％组（P＜0．05）；25．85％组氨态氮浓度显著或极显著高于其他3组（ P＜0．05或P＜0．01）。3）以22．73％组为对照，其他3组产琥珀酸丝状杆菌的相对含量随peNDF水平的增加而增加，28．39％组最高，但仍极显著低于22．73％组（ P＜0．01）；随peNDF水平的增加，黄色瘤胃球菌、白色瘤胃球菌和溶纤维丁酸弧菌相对含量呈现先上升后下降的趋势，均为25．85％组最高，显著或极显著高于其他3组（ P＜0．05或 P＜0．01）。综上，适当提高饲粮peNDF水平，有利于提高8～10月龄奶牛瘤胃液pH，改善瘤胃发酵，增加瘤胃中纤维降解菌的含量；本试验条件下，peNDF1．18为25．85％是8～10月龄荷斯坦奶牛适宜的peNDF水平。The objective of this experiment was to evaluate effects of dietary physically effective neutral deter-gent fiber （ peNDF） level on rumen fermentation parameters and cellulolytic bacteria of 8 to 10-month-old heif-ers. Twenty-four Chinese Holstein heifers with similar month of age and body weight were randomly divided into 4 groups. Heifers were offered one of four diets, which were chemically identical but included different peNDF levels [22.73%, 23.92%, 25.85% and 28.39%] through cutting the roughage of Chinese wildrye into different lengths. The pre-test lasted for 10 days, and the test lasted for 60 days. The results showed as fol-lows：1） the intakes of dry matter, neutral detergent fiber and acid detergent fiber of heifers were not signifi-cantly affected by peNDF level （P〉0.05）. 2） Rumen fluid pH increased with the increasing peNDF level, 22.73% group was significantly lower than the other 3 groups （ P〈0.01）;there were no effects of peNDF lev-el on total volatile fatty acid concentration, and acetate and butyrate contents （ P〉0.05） , however, with the in-creasing of peNDF level, propionate content decreased, and 22. 73% group was significantly higher than 23.92% group （P〈0.01） and 28.39% group （P〈0.05）; the ratio of acetate to propionate of 23.92% group was significantly higher than that of 22.73% group （ P〈0.01） and 25.85% group（ P〈0.05）;ammonia-N con-centration of 25.85% group was significantly higher than that of the other 3 groups （ P〈0.01 or P〈0.01） . 3） Using 22.73% group as control, the relative content of Fibrobacter succinogene of the other 3 groups was in-creased with increasing peNDF level, and that of 28. 39% group was the highest, but was still significantly lower than that of 22.73% group （ P〈0.01）;with the increasing of peNDF level, the relative content of Rumi-nococcus flave faciensk, Ruminococcus Albus and Prevotella rumicola increased initially and then decreased, and the highest contents all appeared in 25.85% group, whic

关 键 词：物理有效中性洗涤纤维 采食量 瘤胃液PH 氨态氮 挥发性脂肪酸 纤维降解菌 后备奶牛 

分 类 号：S823[农业科学—畜牧学]