2003年-2013年某三甲医院儿童死亡病例分析  

Children's Death Cases Analysis in a Grade A Tertiary Hospital from 2003 to 2013

作　　者：陈依红[1] 

机构地区：[1]广东省梅州市人民医院病案科,梅州市514031

出　　处：《中国病案》2015年第4期55-57,共3页Chinese Medical Record

摘　　要：目的对住院死亡儿童年龄分布、入院后死亡时间、住院病死率及其变化趋势进行分析,为降低病死率提供依据。方法对2003年-2013年某医院住院694例死亡病例进行回顾性统计分析。结果住院儿童总住院病死率0.73%,新生儿组为29.0%,婴儿组为28.7%、幼儿组为22.6%;、学龄前儿童组为6.6%、学龄儿童组为13.1%。住院1天以内者死亡多,占死亡总数的55.9%;期间住院病死率比较差异有非常显著性(P<0.01),总体呈下降趋势;主要死因疾病系统分类居前5位的是:起源于围产期疾病、传染与寄生虫病、呼吸系统疾病、损伤与中毒、先天性畸形,占死亡总数的77.5%;不同年龄组儿童死亡的主要原因不同。结论降低儿童住院病死率的关键是加强围生期保健、预防呼吸道感染、提高医务人员急诊抢救水平、减少中毒意外事件发生。应根据不同年龄组的特点,采取不同的疾病防治措施。Objective To analyze the age distribution, the time of death after admission, the mortality and trends of the death of children from 2003 to 2013. Methods A retrospectively analysis was performed upon 694 cases of deaths in the hospital from 2003 to 2013. Results The total mortality of the hospitalized children was 0.73%. The mortality of 0 to 28 days old group was 29.0%. The infant mortality was 28.7%. And the mortality of the early childhood group, the preschool children group and the school-age children group was 22.6%, 6.6% and 13.1% respectively. Most of them were dead within one day after admission, accounting for 55.9%. The mortality during these years significantly varied（P〈0.01） and tended to decrease. The 5 main causes of death were prenatal diseases,infectious and parasitic diseases, respiratory diseases, injuries and poisoning and congenital malformations,accounting for 77.5%. The main cause of death varied in different age groups. Conclusion The key to reduce child mortality was to strengthen the prenatal care, prevent respiratory infections, improve the level of medical personnel in emergency rescue, and reduce the accidents of poisoning. We should take different disease control measures based on the characteristics of different age groups.

关 键 词：儿童 住院 死亡原因 病死率 

分 类 号：R197.3[医药卫生—卫生事业管理]