岷江上游水电开发对河道减脱水的影响研究  

Impact of hydropower development in upper reaches of Minjiang River on flow reducing of river reaches

作　　者：穆羽[1,2] 徐佩[1] 傅斌[1] 李明[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院水利部成都山地灾害与环境研究所,四川成都610041 [2]中国科学院大学,北京100049

出　　处：《人民长江》2015年第7期67-71,共5页Yangtze River

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目"三峡库区农户生计与生态系统服务耦合关系与调控机制研究"(41371539);中科院成都山地所"一三五"方向性项目"基于资源环境安全的岷江上游可持续性及空间调控研究专题-岷江上游水电开发对水资源安全的影响"(Y2K2110110)

摘　　要：通过对岷江上游水电站以及受影响河道的实地调查,建立了河道减脱水评价指标,分别对岷江干流、一级支流及二级支流河道的减脱水情况进行了分析。在对减脱水河道分析的基础上,分析了调查断面距电站坝址的距离、电站类型、电站装机容量、电站调节性能与河道减脱水的关系。结果表明:水电开发引起河道减脱水现象已非常严重,各级支流上游都有不同程度的断流现象,以二级支流最为严重;河道减脱水严重程度随距电站坝址的距离增加呈减小的趋势;电站的类型、调节性能与河道减脱水存在明显的相关性,而装机容量对河道减脱水的影响不大。在制定流域水电开发以及河流生态系统恢复规划时,应考虑电站类型、调节性能对河道减脱水的影响。Based on the field investigation of hydropower stations in the upper reaches of the Minjiang river and the affected reaches,we established a evaluation indicator system of the flow reducing reaches（or dried reaches）,and analyzed the flow reducing（or dried） conditions of the mainstream,first tributary and second tributary of the river. According to analysis results,we discussed the relationship of the flow reducing（or dried） condition and the distance from the investigation section to the dam site,power station type,installation capacity and adjustment ability. The results show that the flow reducing reaches（or dried reaches） caused by the hydropower development is very serious in this region; discontinuous flow phenomenon of different degrees appear at all levels of the upstream tributaries,especially in the secondary tributary; and the reducing reaches（or dried reaches）is less serious as the distance from the dam site increases; the type and regulation performance of power stations are obviously related with the flow reducing reach（or dried reach）,but the installed capacity has no influences. So it is necessary to take account of the impacts of power station＇s type and regulation performance when formulating a basin hydropower development and river ecological recovery plan.

关 键 词：减脱水 水资源安全 岷江上游 水电开发 

分 类 号：TV213[水利工程—水文学及水资源]