冬春两季奶牛胃肠道甲烷排放量变化的研究  

Differences of Enteric Methane Emissions from Dairy Cows between Winter and Spring

作　　者：颜志成[1,2] 谢天宇[2,3] 王荣[1,4] 谭支良[2] 

机构地区：[1]湖南农业大学园艺园林学院,湖南长沙410128 [2]中国科学院亚热带农业生态研究所,湖南长沙410128 [3]内蒙古农业大学动物科学学院,内蒙古呼和浩特010018 [4]湖南农业大学动物科学技术学院,湖南长沙410128

出　　处：《湖南农业科学》2015年第2期50-54,共5页Hunan Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(31472133);中国科学院战略性先导专项(XDA05020700);国际原子能项目(16315);现代农业(奶牛)产业技术体系建设专项资金资助(CARS-37)

摘　　要：于冬春两季选用相同28头体况良好的中国荷斯坦奶牛,记录奶牛饲料干物质、粗蛋白、能量、中性洗涤纤维等摄入量,在呼吸代谢室测定奶牛胃肠道甲烷排放量,研究冬春两季奶牛胃肠道甲烷排放量变化规律。结果表明,冬季泌乳牛干物质采食量显著高于春季;春季青年牛和泌乳牛胃肠道甲烷排放量和甲烷转化因子均显著高于冬季;胃肠道甲烷排放量随着干物质采食量增加而线性增加,回归方程显示春季斜率(22.36)明显高于冬季(17.04),说明奶牛春季胃肠道甲烷排放的转化效率高于冬季。这可能是因冬春两季的温度和光照时间等因素引起。相比冬季,春季奶牛甲烷转化因子较高,导致其胃肠道甲烷排放显著提高。春季甲烷转化因子显著高于冬季,这可能因季节影响奶牛对日粮的消化利用、瘤胃发酵方式和日粮能量利用效率。To investigate the differences of enteric methane emissions from dairy cows in winter and spring, twenty-eight Chinese Holstein dairy cows were selected in the test, with the record of their feed dry matter, crude protein, energy, neutral detergent fiber and so on,determined methane emissions in winter and spring in respiratory chamber. The results showed that with the increase of dry matter intake,the discharge of methane raise in linear. In regression equation, the spring slope was 22.36 while the winter slope was 17.04, illustrating that the conversion efficiency of methane in spring is higher than in winter. It may be due to temperature and illumination time. Compared to winter, the methane transforming factor of dairy cow in spring was much higher, which might be caused by the changes of the digestibility of nutrients of feeds, the way of ruminal fermentation and efficiency of dietary energy utilization.

关 键 词：奶牛 胃肠道 甲烷排放 冬春 

分 类 号：S823.91[农业科学—畜牧学]