水稻花药培养技术及其育种应用的研究进展  

Research Progress of Rice Anther Culture Technology and its Application in Breeding

作　　者：吴丹[1,2] 姚栋萍 李莺歌[1,3] 吴俊[2,3] 伍富根 邓启云[1,2,3] 

机构地区：[1]湖南农业大学农学院,湖南长沙410128 [2]杂交水稻国家重点实验室,湖南长沙410125 [3]中南大学研究生院隆平分院,湖南长沙410125

出　　处：《湖南农业科学》2015年第2期139-142,共4页Hunan Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：国家863计划资助项目(2012AA101103);国家科技支撑计划资助项目(2012BAD48G01)

摘　　要：从材料基因型、取材时期与预处理、培养基种类、激素配比、碳源和其他添加剂等方面综述了水稻花药培养技术的研究进展。大多研究表明,花培是稳定水稻亚种间籼粳杂交后代遗传性状的有效方法,但目前花培的株产率仍很低,在4%以下,且籼稻的株产率显著低于粳稻,主要原因是籼稻的基因亲和力低及其花药褐化和幼苗白化现象严重。同时,从改善培养条件(取材时期、预处理、培养基、激素、添加剂等)、建立花药离体培养体系、结合转基因和分子标记技术等方面提出了加快花药育种进程的建议。The paper reviewed the progress in anther culture of rice from genotypes, sampling time, pretreatment, culture mediums, the kinds and ratio of hormones, carbon sources and other additives. Most studies showed anther culture is an effective method to stabilize genetic characters of Indica/Japonica in rice, but the anther culture plant yield is very low（below 4%） at present, and the rate of Indica is significantly low than that of japonica, the main reason is the low gene affinity and the problem of anther browning and seedling albino. So the paper proposed the improvement of sampling time, pretreatment, culture medium, hormones, additives and other culture conditions, the establishment of anther culture system, combined with transgenic and molecular markers to study the genetic mechanism, and finally to improve the breeding process and efficiency.

关 键 词：水稻 花药培养 育种 综述 

分 类 号：S336[农业科学—作物遗传育种]