主要环境因素对油茶成花的影响  

Effects of Main Environment Factors on Flowering in Camellia oleifera

作　　者：胡玉玲[1] 姚小华[1] 任华东[1] 王开良[1] 曹永庆[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国林业科学研究院亚热带林业研究所,浙江富阳311400

出　　处：《热带亚热带植物学报》2015年第2期211-217,共7页Journal of Tropical and Subtropical Botany

基　　金：国家"十一五"科技支撑计划项目(2009BADB1B01);油茶产业升级关键技术研究与示范项目(2009BADB1B00);浙江省农业新品种选育重大科技专项(2012C12908-16)资助

摘　　要：为探究影响油茶(Camellia oleifera)成花的关键环境因素,以‘长林4号’为材料,对油茶成花过程的相关生理生化指标进行研究。结果表明,在不同环境因素下,花芽分化期(5月19日)的老叶、新叶及茎中的可溶性蛋白、可溶性糖和生长调节剂(生长素、赤霉素、细胞分裂素和脱落酸)含量差异显著,但与油茶能否开花没有相关性。氮素处理的油茶芽发育最为饱满、生长较快,开花时间也最早;光照和生长调节剂处理(除赤霉素外)的油茶都不开花;热及钾处理的油茶末花期明显推迟;养分(氮磷钾)处理的油茶成花率较高,其次是水热处理。可见良好的水肥热条件有利于油茶开花,施用生长素和细胞分裂素抑制油茶开花。In order to understand the key environment factors on flowering of Camellia oleifera, the physical and biochemical indexes in flowering process of C. oleifera ‘Changlin 4＇ were studied. The results showed that under different environments, the contents of soluble protein, soluble sugar and growth regulators, including auxin, gibberellin, cytokinin and abscisic acid, in old leaves, new leaves and stems had significant differences in flower bud differentiation period（May 19）, but had no direct relations with flowering. The buds were full and growth was fast, and flowering time was early too under N treatment. The light and growth regulators, except of GA, cannot promote C. oleifera blossoming. The flowering rate was the highest under nutrient treatments, and then was under water and heat treatments, but under hot and K treatments, the end stage of flowering significantly delayed. Therefore, the suitable conditions, such as heat, nutrient and water, are in favour of blossom in C. oleifera, but auxin and cytokinin inhibit its blossom.

关 键 词：油茶 环境因素 生理生化 成花 花期 

分 类 号：S794.4[农业科学—林木遗传育种]