玉米芯活性炭的制备及其电化学性能研究  

Preparation and Electrochemical Performance of Corncob-based Activated Carbon

作　　者：邢宝林[1] 陈丽薇[1] 张传祥[1] 郭晖[1] 康伟伟[1] 张乐[1] 赵红雨[1] 张扬[1] 

机构地区：[1]河南理工大学材料科学与工程学院,环境友好型无机材料河南省高校(河南省)重点实验室培育基地,焦作454003

出　　处：《材料导报》2015年第6期45-48,64,共5页Materials Reports

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(U1361119);河南省教育厅科学技术研究重点项目(13A430336);河南省高等学校矿业工程材料开放实验室开放基金(MEM13-7;MEM13-12;MEM14-5);河南理工大学博士基金(B2013-015)

摘　　要：以玉米芯为原料,采用KOH活化法制备超级电容器用活性炭。利用低温氮气吸附及恒流充放电、循环伏安、交流阻抗等方法测定活性炭的孔结构及其用作电极材料的电化学性能。研究了脱灰对玉米芯活性炭孔结构及其电化学性能的影响。结果表明,在碱炭比3∶1、活化温度为800℃、活化时间为1h的条件下,可以制备出比表面积为2019m2/g、总孔容为1.084cm3/g、中孔率为15.6%的高比表面积活性炭。玉米芯经脱灰处理可以显著改善其所制活性炭的孔隙发达程度和中孔分布,脱灰玉米芯活性炭的比表面积、总孔容及中孔率分别可达2311 m2/g、1.246cm3/g和26.0%。玉米芯活性炭电极材料在3mol/L KOH的电解液中具有良好的电化学性能,其比电容量可达253F/g。脱灰玉米芯活性炭电极的比电容量更高(可达278F/g),比电容提高9.9%,且内阻更小。Activated carbon for supercapacitors was prepared from corncob by KOH activation.Nitrogen adsorption-desorption at 77 K was used to characterize the pore structures of corncob activated carbon and the electrochemical performances of corncob activated carbon electrode were evaluated by galvanostatic charge-discharge,cyclic voltammetry and alternative current impedance.The effects of deashing on the pore structures and electrochemical performances of corncob activated carbon were investigated.The results show that high specific surface area activated carbon can be prepared under the ratio of KOH to corncob is 3,activation temperature is 800℃ and activation time is1 h,which specific surface area is 2019m^2/g,total pore volume is 1.084cm^3/g and the ratio of mesopore is 15.6%.Deashing treatment can significantly improve the pore structures and mesopore distribution of corncob activated carbon,the specific surface area,total pore volume and the ratio of mesopore of corncob activated carbon after deashing are 2311m^2/g,1.246cm^3/g and 26.0%,respectively.Corncob activated carbon electrode exhibits excellent electrochemical performance in 3 mol/L KOH electrolyte,its specific capacitance reaches 253F/g.The corncob activated carbon electrode after deashing presents a higher specific capacitance of 278F/g,which increases by 9.9% than that of corncob activated carbon electrodes and its internal resistance is lower.

关 键 词：玉米芯 活性炭 超级电容器 电化学性能 

分 类 号：TQ424.1[化学工程]