赣榆县饮水型地方性氟中毒监测结果分析  

Drinking water type endemic fluorosis monitoring results analysis of Ganyu county

作　　者：王均红[1] 李永久[1] 

机构地区：[1]赣榆县疾病预防控制中心,江苏222100

出　　处：《医学动物防制》2015年第4期374-376,共3页Journal of Medical Pest Control

基　　金：中央补助地方公共卫生专项资金地方病防治项目(2008)

摘　　要：目的及时掌握赣榆县饮水型地方性氟中毒氟病区及可疑村的病情动态,为进一步开展防治工作提供依据。方法将所有病区村按轻、中和重病区分为3个类型,采用随机抽样的原则,每类各选一个村。每村随机采集出厂水水样和末梢水水样3份,测定水氟浓度。各监测村调查全部8~12岁儿童氟斑牙患病情况;每个年龄段选择6人,共计30份,检测尿氟含量。16岁以上常住在村人口开展临床氟骨症检查,检测成人临床氟骨症病情。结果改水村的水氟值均在国家标准的范围内,未改水村的水氟值超标严重。8~12岁儿童氟斑牙总检出率55.35%（62/112）;共检测儿童尿氟90份,尿氟中位数为1.78 mg/L,已改水村氟斑牙检出率和未改水村比较,两者差异有统计学意义（χ2=10.22,P〈0.01）;16岁以上成人临床氟骨症检出率16.60%（304/1 832）。结论有效改水对赣榆县控制饮水型地氟病中毒病情发挥了作用,但还需要长期巩固。未改水的高氟水源村应尽早采取改水措施,以降低水氟对儿童牙的危害。Objective To grasp the dynamic of drinking water type endemic fluorosis in fluorine ward and suspicious village timely,provide the basis for further prevention and control work. Methods All ward villages were divided into 3 types by light,medium and serious illness,based on the principle of random sampling,to choose 1 village in each category. Collected 3 finished water and pipe water samples in each village,to determinate water fluoride concentration. To investigate all 8 to 12 years old children＇s dental fluorosis prevalence in each monitor village; choose 6 people in each age,a total of 30,detecting urine fluorine content. Carry out the clinical examination of skeletal fluorosis for 16 years of age or older permanent population in the village,to detect adults＇ clinical skeletal fluorosis condition. Results The water fluoride values in villages of changed water are within the scope of the national standard,water fluoride value exceeds badly in unchanged water villages. Total dental fluorosis detection rate was 55. 35%（ 62 /112） for 8 and 12 years old children; Detected 90 children urinary fluoride,median urinary fluoride was 1. 78 mg / L,there are significant statistically differences（ χ2= 10. 22,P〈0. 01） on fluorine spot tooth detection rate for changed water villages and unchanged villages; clinical detection rate of skeletal fluorosis was 16. 60%（ 304 /1832） for 16＋years old adults. Conclusions Effective changed water play a role to control drinking water type endemic fluorosis in Ganyu county,but still need to consolidate for a long time. water supply measures should be taken as soon as possible in unchanged water high fluoride water village,in order to reduce water fluorine harm to children＇s teeth.

关 键 词：饮水 氟中毒 氟斑牙 氟骨症 

分 类 号：R599.9[医药卫生—内科学]