1995-2014年青海省玉树市鼠疫病原学分析及流行病学意义  

Etiological analysis of the plague and its epidemiological significance in Yushu City, Qinghai Province between 1995 and 2014

作　　者：辛有全[1] 魏柏青[1] 杨晓艳[1] 熊浩明[1] 祁美英[1] 靳娟[1] 赵海红[1] 赵小龙[1] 金泳[1] 代瑞霞[1] 

机构地区：[1]青海省地方病预防控制所鼠疫预防控制科,西宁811602

出　　处：《中华地方病学杂志》2015年第4期244-246,共3页Chinese Journal of Endemiology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金（81160211）

摘　　要：目的 探讨青海省玉树市鼠疫菌株生物学特点及流行病学意义.方法 以青海省玉树市1995-2014年间从各种宿主动物体内分离的36株鼠疫菌株作为实验对象,进行生化试验、毒力因子[荚膜抗原（F1）、毒力抗原因子（VW）、色素沉着因子（Pgm）、鼠疫杆菌素Ⅰ（Pst Ⅰ）]鉴定、质粒分析、差异片段（DFR）分型等研究,其中16株菌株进行小白鼠毒力测定.结果 ①生化试验结果：36株鼠疫菌株的生物型为古典型,生态型均为青藏高原型;②毒力因子试验结果：80.56％（29/36）的鼠疫菌株4个毒力因子俱全;③质粒分析结果：鼠疫菌均携带有3种质粒,其相对分子质量（Mr）分别为6×10^6、45×10^6、65×10^6;④DFR分型结果：菌株基因型为5型和32型;⑤毒力测定结果：93.75％（15/16）的鼠疫菌株为强毒菌,半数致死量（LD50）为1～99个菌.结论 青海省玉树市鼠疫菌株具备青藏高原鼠疫病原体特性.Objective To investigate the biological characteristics of Yersinia Pestis strains separated in Yushu City,Qinghai Province and their epidemiological significance.Methods Thirty-six strains separated from various kinds of host animals in Yushu City,Qinghai Province between 1995 and 2014 were selected as study subjects,biochemical test,virulence factors evaluation [Fra1 （F1）,pesticin Ⅰ （Pst Ⅰ）,virulence antigen （VW）,pigmentation （Pgm）],plasmid analysis and different region （DFR） genotyping were carried out.Sixteen of the 36 strains were examined by toxicity test.Results All the strains＇ biovars were antique,the ecotypes were Qinghai-Tibet plateau,the strains＇ genotypes were genomovar 5 and genomovar 32.Each strain contained 3 kinds of plasmid,and their relative molecular mass was 6 × 10^6,45 × 10^6 and 65 × 10^6,respectively.A proportion of 80.56% （29/36） of the strains contained all the four virulence factors.Toxicity test showed 93.75% （15/16） strains were velogenic strains and the half lethal dose was 1-99 strains.Conclusion The strains separated in Yushu City,Qinghai Province have the pathogen characteristics of Qinghai-Tibet plateau plague.

关 键 词：鼠疫 病原 流行病学 

分 类 号：R516.8[医药卫生—内科学]